Movement of Carbon - Hydrocaron Extraction and Burning - Cement Manufacture

Question 1

What do dead plants and animals turn into after burial?

Answer 1

Fossil fuels.

Question 2

How are the dead plants and animals made into these fossil fuels?

Answer 2

Pressure of layers of sediment leads to anoxic environment.
Decomposition takes places without oxygen.
Combined with heat from Earth.
Type of material buried helps to determine final product,

Question 3

What do animal remains tend to form?

Answer 3

Petroleum - crude oil.

Question 4

What do plant matter tend to form?

Answer 4

Coal and natural gas.

Question 5

What happens when fossil fuels are extracted from ground?

Answer 5

When extracted and burned, carbon dioxide and water are released into atmosphere.

Question 6

What does cement manufacturing contribute to atmosphere?

Answer 6

Carbon dioxide when calcium carbonate is heated.

Question 7

How much carbon dioxide does the cement industry produce ?

Answer 7

Around 5% of global anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions.

Question 8

Give evidence to suggest that carbon dioxide emissions are increasing.

Answer 8

2013 the co2 emissions from cement manufacturing anf fossil fuel use were 36 GtC.
61% higher than 1990.
2.3% higher than 2012.

Question 9

Name countries which contributed to co2 emissions from fossil fuel use and cement manufacturing.

Answer 9

China - 28%
USA - 14%
Indian - 7%