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COM: PCMI > Hip Exam Competency > Flashcards

Hip Exam Competency Flashcards

1
Q

What structures are found in the central compartment of the hip?

A

Labrum Ligamentum teres Articular surfaces

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2
Q

What structures are found in the peripheral compartment of the hip?

A

Femoral neck Synovial lining

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3
Q

What structures are found in the lateral compartment of the hip?

A

Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Iliotibial band Trochanteric bursae (deep and superficial))

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4
Q

What structures are found in the Psoas compartment of the hip?

A

Iliopsoas insertion and bursae

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5
Q

What are the 5 tests that can be done to test the central compartment of the hip?

A

Log roll (can be for peripheral compartment too) Labral loading Labral distraction Scour Apprehension: FABER

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6
Q

WHat does a C-sign tell you?

A

Pathognomic of labral pathology

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7
Q

What types of pain would indicate an issue iin the central compartment of the hip?

A

Lumbar spine pain Groin/medial pain Pelvic rim pain (anterior to posterior, (L5-S1) radicular pain) Pain in the mornning or after a run

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8
Q

What are 4 signs and symptoms of an issue with the central compartment of the hip?

A

C-sign Catching, locking Pain Instability

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9
Q

What types of things could cause an injury to the central compartment of the hip?

A

Trauma (traffic accidents, collisions, bad falls) Twisting on a hip that has excess weight on it Repetitive strain (golfers)

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10
Q

Labral tears, ligamentum teres disruption, osteochondral defects, chondromalacia/osteoarthritis, and loose bodies are all pathologies found in what compartment of the hip?

A

Central

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11
Q

What is indicative of a positive log roll test?

A

Pain - this is testing the central compartment of the hip

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12
Q

What is indicative of a positive labral loading test?

A

Pain - This is testing the central compartment of the hipp

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13
Q

What is indicative of a positive labral distraction test?

A

Relief of pain - This is testing the central compartment of the hip

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14
Q

What is indicative of a positive scour test?

A

Pain - This is testing the central compartment of the hip

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15
Q

What is indicative of a positive Apprehension: FABER test?

A

Pain or apprehension - This is testing the central compartment of the hip

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16
Q

How do you perform a log roll test?

A

Roll pts leg into internal and external rotation

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17
Q

How do you perform a labral loading test?

A

Flex pts knee and hip to 90, load into the femur towards the innominante

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18
Q

What does a positive labral loading test tell you?

A

Labral or cartilaginous pathology

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19
Q

How do you perform a labral distraction test?

A

Distract pts femur away from innominate

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20
Q

What does a positive labral distraction test tell you?

A

Labral or cartilaginous pathology

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21
Q

How do you perform a scour test?

A

Flex and externally rotate pts hip. Load into socket and articulate through annular ROM

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22
Q

What does a positive scour test tell you?

A

Labral or articular cartilage pathology

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23
Q

How do you perform a apprehension: FABER test?

A

Pts hip flexed, abducted and externally rotated. Dr induces further external rotation by applying a posterior force to the knee

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24
Q

What does a positive apprehension: FABER test tell you?

A

Labral pathology

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25
Q

What 2 tests can you perform to test the peripheral compartment of the hip?

A

Ely’s test Rectus femoris test

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26
Q

How do you perform an Ely’s test?

A

Pt prone, passively flex pts knees

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27
Q

What is indicative of a positive elys test?

A

Ipsilateral hip raises off table

28
Q

What does a positive elys test tell you?

A

Rectus femoris contracture

29
Q

How do you perform a rectus femoris test?

A

Pt supice, one hip flexed up to the chest and the other leg bent over the table

30
Q

What is indicative of a positive rectus femoris test?

A

Knee flexion <90

31
Q

What does a positive rectus femoris test tell you?

A

Rectus femoris contraction ipsilaterally

32
Q

What 6 tests can you use to test the lateral compartment of the hip?

A

Jump sign Straight leg raise test Ober’s test Piriformis test Trendelenburg Patrick’s: FABER

33
Q

How do you perform a jump sign test?

A

Pt is seated, pressure is applied to greater trochanter

34
Q

What does a positive jump sign test tell you?

A

Trochanteric bursitis

35
Q

How do you perform a straight leg raise test?

A

Raise the leg with knee extended, nonspecific test

36
Q

What does a positive straight leg raise test tell you?

A

Pain from 15-30 degrees = lumbar disc etiology Pain laterally >15 degrees = lateral compartment pathology

37
Q

How do you perform an Ober’s test?

A

Pt lateral recumbent with doctor standing behind the pt. Dr abducts the top leg and then lowers leg to the table while stabilizing hip

38
Q

What is indicative of a positive Ober’s test?

A

Inability to adduct

39
Q

What does a positive ober’s test tell you?

A

IT band contracture

40
Q

How do you perform a piriformis test?

A

Pt supine with hip and knee flexed, one ankle crossed over contralateral knee. Pt abducts against resistance

41
Q

What is indicative of a positive piriformis test?

A

Pain over posterior aspect of greater trochanter

42
Q

What does a positive piriformis test tell you?

A

Piriformis spasm or pathology

43
Q

How do you perform a trendelenburg test?

A

Pt standing with dr behind. Pt lifts one foot off ground

44
Q

What is indicative of a positive trendelenburg test?

A

Weakness/inability to hold hips level

45
Q

What does a positive trendelenburg test tell you?

A

Contralateral gluteus medius weakness (ssuperior gluteal nerve) - Ex. Pt lifts right foot, right hip drops = left gluteus medius/superior gluteal nerve pathology

46
Q

How do you perform a Patrick’s: FABER test for the lateral compartment of the hip?

A

Pts hip is flexed, abducted and externally rotated. Dr braces contralateral ASIS, pt externally rotates/abductts against resistance

47
Q

What is indicative of a positive Patrick’s: FABER test for the lateral compartment of the hip?

A

Pain or weakness

48
Q

What does a positive Patrick’s: FABER for the lateral hip compartment tell you test tell you?

A

GLuteus medius pathology

49
Q

What 3 tests can you do to test the anterior/iliopsoas compartment of the hip?

A

Patrick’s: FABER Psoas test Thomas test

50
Q

How do you perform a Patrick’s: FABER for the anterior/iliopsoas compartment of the hip?

A

Pts hip is flexed, abducted and externally rotated. Dr braces contralateral ASIS. Pt internally rotates/adducts against resistance

51
Q

What is indicative of positive patrick’s: FABER for the anterior/iliopsoas compartment of the hip?

A

Anterior or medial groin pain/weakness

52
Q

What does a positive patrick’s: FABER test for the anterior/iliopsoas compartment tell you?

A

Iliopsoas insufficiency or pathology

53
Q

How do you perform a psoas test?

A

Flex hip to 30 degrees while pt further flexes against resistance

54
Q

What is indicative of a positive psoas test?

A

Pain/inability or snapping

55
Q

What does a positive psoas test tell you?

A

Psoas contracture or pathology

56
Q

What are signs and symptoms of an injury to the peripheral compartment of the hip?

A

Catching/locking Pain with hip movement (deep hip and goin) Limited ROM

57
Q

What causes injury to the peripheral compartment of the hip?

A

Congenital Post trauma (Fall, MVA)

58
Q

Difficulty with lifting leg to climb stairs would indicate an injury to what compartment of the hip?

A

Lateral compartment

59
Q

Where would pain be in a pt that has an injury to the lateral compartment of the hip?

A

Lateral hip Pelvic rim Radiating down leg to knee Knee pain (seen a lot in pts with problem with IT band)

60
Q

What are common causes of injury to the lateral compartment of the hip?

A

Lifting Trauma Overuse

61
Q

What are common ways to injur the anterior/iliopsoas compartment of the hip?

A

Hyperextension (jumping and running) Overuse

62
Q

Where would pain be in a pt with an injury to the anterior/iliposoas compartment of the hip?

A

Anterior hip Medial groin Anterior deepp thigh

63
Q

A snapping hip can be a compensatory condition of a pt wiht injury to the anterior/iliopsoas compartment of the hip. What is the difference between internal and external snapping?

A

Internal = psoas snaps over femoral head External = IT band snaps over trochanter

64
Q

What hip pathology is shown in the image?

A

Fracture of left pubic rami

65
Q

What hip pathology is shown in the image?

A

Posterior hip dislocation

66
Q

What hip pathology is shown in the image?

A

Subcapital femoral fracture

67
Q

What hip pathology is shown in the image?

A

Arthritis in left hip

COM: PCMI (15 decks)

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