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Apex > 7 Brain > Flashcards

7 Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What makes white vs gray matter

A

White= axons, gray= cell bodies

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2
Q

Pseudounipolar cells: 2, bipolar: 2

A

Pseudo: drg and cranial ganglion, bi: retina, ear

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3
Q

Astrocyte function

A

Metabolic reg and neuron repair

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4
Q

Ependymal cell function

A

Form choroid plexus to make csf, in 3rd and 4th ventricles

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5
Q

Oligodendrocyte function

A

Form myelin sheath in cns

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6
Q

Microglia function

A

Phagocytose debris

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7
Q

Brain part where motor and sensory cortex are

A

Motor: frontal, parietal: sensory

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8
Q

Where in brain you understand vs motor control speech

A

Understand- wernicke, talk- broca

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9
Q

Cognition, sensation, movement area

A

Cerebral cortex

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10
Q

Memory and learning area

A

Hippocampus

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11
Q

Emotion, appetite, response to pain area

A

Amygdala

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12
Q

Fine motor control area

A

Basal ganglia

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13
Q

Areas of autonomic reg

A

Pons and medulla

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14
Q

Cerebellum parts: equilibrium, muscle tone, and voluntary movement

A

Equil: archeo, muscle tone: paleo, neo: voluntary movement

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15
Q

Only cranial nerve that isn’t in pns, how its also diff

A

CN II, surrounded by dura

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16
Q

CSF: volume, specific gravity, and pressure

A

150 ml, 1.002-1.009, 5-15 mmhg

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17
Q

CSF: produced by what/rate

A

Ependymal cells of choroid plexus, 30 ml/hr

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18
Q

CSF circulation path

A

L and R lateral ventricles, foramen of Munro, 3rd vent, aqueduct of sylvius, 4th vent, foramen of luschka (2) and foramen of magendie, brain and SC, superior saggital sinus

19
Q

Where csf is absorbed

A

Arachnoid villi in superior saggital sinus

20
Q

Pneumonic for csf flow

A

Love my 3 silly 4 lorn magpies

21
Q

CBF equation

A

CPP/CVR

22
Q

CBF rough amount in ml or % CO

A

50 ml/100g/min or 15%

23
Q

CBF value when: ischemic, cortical suppression, cell death

A

20, 15, <15

24
Q

Determinants of CBF: 5

A

Cmro2, CPP, venous pressure, paco2, pao2

25
Q

Cmro2 value

A

3.5 ml/02/100g tissue/min

26
Q

% of 02 utilization for electrical activity vs cellular integrity

A

Electrical: 60%, cellular: 40%

27
Q

How cmro2 decreases with temp, when eeg suppressed

A

7% per degree c. 18-20 c

28
Q

At what high point in temp does CBF decrease

A

42 c

29
Q

CPP: autoreg range, calculation

A

50-150 mmhg. MAP - ICP (or CVP if higher)

30
Q

When happens to vessels when CPP <50 or >150

A

If less: maximally dilated and risk hypoperfusion. If greater: maximally constricted, pressure dependent, risk hemorrhage/edema

31
Q

If ICP is elevated, CPP requires what to be maintained

A

A higher MAP

32
Q

Autoreg is abolished by what

A

IC tumor, head trauma, VAs

33
Q

Conditions that impair venous drainage, ultimate result

A

Jugular compression from positioning, inc intrathoracic pressure from coughing/peep, VC thrombosis or syndrome. Dec venous drainage and inc CBV

34
Q

Relationship between Paco2 and CBF

A

Every 1 mmhg inc in co2 above 40 CBF will inc 1-2 ml/100g tissue/min. Also dec if below.

35
Q

Max dilation and constriction at what CO2 levels

A

Dilation: 80-100, constriction: 25

36
Q

Resp ___ inc CBF, resp ___ dec CBF. What does not affect CBF

A

Acidosis inc, alkalosis dec. Metabolic acidosis (doesnt cross bbb)

37
Q

PaO2 < what causes cerebral dilation/inc CBF. If above what no effect

A

<50-60, above 60

38
Q

ICP: nml range, when htn, when its measurement is indicated

A

5-15, 20, if gcs of 7 or lower

39
Q

S/s of IC htn

A

HA, NV, papilledema, focal neuro deficit, dec LOC, sz, coma

40
Q

Components that can inc ICP

A

Brain, blood, csf

41
Q

Cushing triad, what it means

A

Bradycardia, htn, irreg resp. IC htn

42
Q

Most common site of herniation, inc pressure on what

A

Temporal uncus, midbrain

43
Q

Sign of temporal uncus herniation

A

Comp on cn III —> fixed and dilated pupil

Apex (21 decks)

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