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CardioPulm > Body Folding and Body Cavities > Flashcards

Body Folding and Body Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

Intraembryonic coelom

A

divides lateral mesoderm into :

Somatic layer of lateral mesoderm

Splanchnic layer of lateral mesoderm

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2
Q

Somatic layer of lateral mesoderm

A

continuous w/ extraembryonic mesoderm covering amnion

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3
Q

Splanchnic layer of lateral mesoderm

A

continuous w/extraembryonic mesoderm covering umbilical vesicle

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4
Q

Somatopleure

A

somatic mesoderm and overlying embryonic ectoderm form body wall

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5
Q

Splanchnopleure

A

splanchnic mesoderm and underlying embryonic ectoderm form embryonic gut

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6
Q

embryonic planes

A

establishment of body form caused by folding of flat trilaminar embryonic disc into a cylindrical embryo

Rapid growth of embryo

Simultaneous at caudal, cranial and sides

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7
Q

Embryo elongation cranially and caudally

A

cranial and caudal regions move ventrally at week 4

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8
Q

neural folds during embryonic folding

A

project dorsally into amniotic cavity

grow cranially beyond oropharyngeal membrane and overhang primordial heart

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9
Q

Septum transversum during embryonic folding

A

translocated to ventral surface

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10
Q

Head Folding

A

septum transversum, primordial heart, pericardial coelom, oropharyngeal membrane now on ventral surface

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11
Q

Arrangement of embryonic coelom

A

Affected during head fold

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12
Q

After head folding

A

Pericardial cavity is ventral

pericardioperitoneal canals run dorsally on each
side of foregut

intraembryonic and extraembryonic coeloms in communication

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13
Q

Folding of the caudal end of embryo

A

due to growth of distal neural tube

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14
Q

Cloacal membrane

A

becomes anus in future

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15
Q

Lateral Folds

A

Rapid growth of SC and somites produce R/L lateral folds

Extend ventrally toward midline
Creates a cylindrical embryo

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16
Q

Gastroschisis

A

protrusion of viscera, site of abdominal defect is to the right of the umbilical cord

bowel uncovered and floating in amniotic fluid

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17
Q

Congenital epigastric hernia

A

midline bulge of abdominal wall located between xiphoid process and umbilicus

bowel not exposed to amniotic fluid because it remains covered by skin and tissue

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18
Q

Intraembryonic coelom

A

divided into pericardial cavity, pleural cavities and peritoneal cavity

19
Q

Body cavities lined with mesothelium

A

parietal wall: derived from somatic mesoderm

visceral wall: derived from splanchnic mesoderm

20
Q

heart and pericardial cavity are relocated ventrally, anterior to foregut

A

during formation to head fold

21
Q

Dividing the body cavity

A

partitions form in each pericardioperitoneal canal separating:

  1. pericardial cavity from pleural cavities
  2. pleural cavities from peritoneal cavity
22
Q

pleuropericardial folds enlarge and form:

A

pleuropericardial membranes: project into pericardioperitoneal canals

23
Q

bronchial buds:

A

grow into pericardioperitoneal canals, extend into body wall

24
Q

mesenchyme splits into:

A

outer layer: thoracic wall

Inner layer: fibrous pericardium

25
Q

pleuroperitoneal membranes

A

pleuroperitoneal folds enlarge and become membranous, forming these membranes

Form as developing lungs & pleural
cavities expand/invade the body wall

Attached dorsolaterally to the
abdominal wall

26
Q

septum transversum

A

expands and fuses with dorsal mesentery of esophagus and pleuroperitoneal membranes:
central tendon of diaphragm

27
Q

pleuroperitoneal membranes

A

fuse
with dorsal mesentery of the esophagus &
septum transversum → primordial
diaphragm

28
Q

Congenital diaphragmatic Hernia

A

Viscera bulge into pleural cavity

lung maturation may be delayed:
polyhydramnios may be present

left side typically effected, but can be corrected at birth

29
Q

Three phases of human development:

A

1.growth:involves cell division and elaboration of cell products

  1. morphogenesis: development of shape, size and other features of particular organ
    - controlled by expression of genes in orderly sequence

3.differentiation, cells are organized in a precise
pattern of tissues & organs that are capable of performing
specialized functions

30
Q

Primordium of the intraembryonic coelom

A

Isolated coelomic spaces in the lateral plate & cardiogenic mesoderm, come from intraembryonic coelom

31
Q

endoderm of the umbilical vesicle during head fold

A

partly incorporated as the

foregut

32
Q

Tail Fold

A

Folding of the caudal end of the embryo is due to growth of the distal neural tube

The caudal eminence (tail region) projects over the cloacal membrane

33
Q

Hindgut during tailfold

A

Part of the endoderm will form hindgut (descending colon/rectum)

Terminal hindgut dilates to form the cloaca (rudiment of urinary
bladder/rectum)

34
Q

Before folding primitive streak lies cranial to cloacal

membrane , and after?

A

after folding, it lies caudal

35
Q

After tail fold:

A 
Allantois
(diverticulum of
umbilical vesicle)
is partially
incorporated
Primitive
streak now
caudal to
cloacal
membrane

Connecting stalk
(umbilical cord
primordium) attached
to ventral surface

36
Q

During lateral fold:

A

Abdominal wall forms & incorporates endoderm to form the midgut (SI primordium)

Connection btwn umbilical vesicle & midgut is reduced, forming the omphaloenteric duct

As umbilical cord forms, communica tion btwn the intraembryonic &
extraembryonic coelomic cavities narrows

Amniotic cavity expands, obliterates most of extraembryonic coelom

Amnion forms epithelial covering of umbilical cord

37
Q

pericardioperitoneal

canals

A

located dorsal to the foregut, opening of pericardial cavity

38
Q

dorsal mesentery

A

After embryonic folding, caudal part of foregut, midgut, &
hindgut are suspended in the peritoneal cavity from dorsal
abdominal wall by this

39
Q

Head fold movements reshape the intraembryonic coelom:

A

Pericardial cavity now
located cranially to
septum transversum

Heart repositions & bulges
into pericardial cavity

Two pericardioperitoneal canals lie dorsal to septum transversum
Caudal peritoneal cavity is positioned where IE & EE coeloms are continuous

40
Q

Growth of primordial lungs into the pericardioperitoneal canals
produces a pair of membranous ridges:

A

• Pleuropericardial folds (cranial), located superior to the developing
lungs
• Pleuroperitoneal folds (caudal), located inferior to the lungs

41
Q

Pleuropericardial Membranes

A

Membranes fuse with
mesenchyme ventral
to esophagus

Separates pericardial
cavity from pleural
cavities

42
Q

Completing closure process of Pleuroperitoneal Membranes

A

Myoblasts migrate into
the pleuroperitoneal
membranes & completes
closure process

Pleuroperitoneal opening
on the right closes
slightly before the left

43
Q

Dorsal mesentery

A

median portion of

diaphragm

44
Q

Myoblasts

A

grow into the dorsal mesentery

→ crura of the diaphragm

CardioPulm (10 decks)

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