Slide 1

Question 1

When did tutsis arrive in rwanda?

Answer 1

14th century

Question 2

Who formed the elite in the 14th century?

Answer 2

wealthy hutus and tutsis

Question 3

who paid taxes to the tutsi king

Answer 3

poorer hutus

Question 4

what caused the first major outbreak of violence in rwanda and when?

Answer 4

19th century

colonization/land redistribution

Question 5

European control over rwanda

Answer 5

germans first

then belgians

Question 6

why were tutsis considered the superior race by europeans?

Answer 6

tutsis look more european than hutus

Question 7

when were the hutu riots?

Answer 7

1959

Question 8

When did the belgians leave rwanda and who got majority of power?

Answer 8

1962

Hutus

Question 9

when was rwanda officially declared an independent state

Answer 9

1962

when belgians left

Question 10

When was the Rwandan Patriotic Front created?

Answer 10

1987

Question 11

Who created the Rwandan Patriotic Front

Answer 11

Rwandan refugees

under Paul Kagame

Question 12

What event triggered the genocide and when

Answer 12

death of Rwandan president
shot down airplane
1994 April

Question 13

Who were the victims of the genocide following the event in 1994?

Answer 13

• tutsis

- moderate hutus

Question 14

Who were the killers in the genocide following the event in 1994?

Answer 14

-extreme hutus

Question 15

4 factors of immediate aftermath of genocide in 1994

Answer 15

• RPF seized Kigali July 4th
• 2 million Hutus fled into Zaire
• 1000s of hutus still killed
• deaths from cholera in DR

Question 16

2 Long term consequences of genocide in 1994

Answer 16

• 2 decades of unrest in DR Congo

- Rwanda’s invasions in DR Congo

Question 17

What is Rwanda’s rating according to the FSI alert group?

Answer 17

37th most unstable nation

Question 18

Define Genocide

Answer 18

international law in the convention on the prevention and punishment of genocide

Question 19

10 stages of genocide

Answer 19

• classification
• symbolisation
• discrimination
• dehumanization
• organization
• polarization
• preparation
• persecution
• extermination
• denial

Question 20

12 denials of genocide

Answer 20

• minimize stats
• attack motivations of truth tellers
• claim that deaths were inadvertent
• emphasize strangeness of victims
• rationalize deaths as result of tribal conflict (war not genocide)
• blame out of control forces for committing the killings
• avoid antagonizing genocidists
• justify denial
• claim that victims are receiving good treatment
• claim that it isn’t genocide
• blame victims
• claim that peace is more important than blaming someone

Question 21

What is genocide watch

Answer 21

early signs of genocide

Question 22

What is genocide warning

Answer 22

genocide is imminent

Question 23

What is genocide emergency

Answer 23

genocide is underway

Question 24

9 cases of genocide emergency

Answer 24

Nigeria
Central African Republic
Iraq
Myanmar: Kachin
Myanmar Rakhine
Somalia
South Sudan
Sudan 
Syria

Question 25

Where does the duty to prevent and halt mass genocide lie?

Answer 25

• the state (primarily)

- international community

Question 26

Why does sovereignty no longer protect states from foreign interference?

Answer 26

states are accountable for welfare of the people

Question 27

How are the degrees of genocide and national interest rated?

Answer 27

1: most justified
6: least justified

Question 28

What is the difference between laws of war and laws in war

Answer 28

laws of war: when war is justified

laws in war: how war is fought

Question 29

7 laws of war

Answer 29

• war is last resort
• legitimate authority
• reasonable chance of success
• major violation of human rights
• aggression: attack on sovereignty
• clear and imminent threat
• right intention

Question 30

3 laws in war

Answer 30

• minimal collateral damage
• discrimination
• proportionality