Summary of Infectious Diseases Flashcards
List the infectious disease history
PC • HPC • Epidemiological history – Travel, vaccine and prophylaxis history, occupation, food/ drink,recreational,sexual, animal contacts, special medical procedures, contacts. • PMH – PMH relevant to infectious disease • DH • FH • SH • SE – RS,CVS,GIT,GUT,CNS,MS,SS
Commonest problems with travel? Causes?
Diarrhoea
- E. coli, salmonella, campyloacter, viral
Resp tract infections
- Usually viral, legionella
UTI
Skin/soft tissue infections (insect bites)
Hepatitis A
List the common diseases acquired from travel?
Malaria Typhoid Dengue VHF Avian influenza MERS CoV
What to ask when someone has been abroad?
How did you get there and back? Where did you go?
Why are prophylaxis and vaccines important?
Prophylaxis
- Malaria for recent travel
Vaccines
- Travel: Hep A, typhoid, neisseria
General
- Childhood schedule
What occupations are at risk of diseases? Give examples of the diseases
Healthcare workers - blood borne viruses, LRTIs, diarrhoea
Farm workers - leptospirosis, Coxiella
Sewage workers - Leptospirosis, hep A, gastroenteritis
Sex workers - HIV, Hep B, HSV, Chlamydia
Pet shop owners - psittacosis
Abbatoir workers - anthrax
Military
How to take a sexual history?
Recent partners - new? No of partners Male/Female/Both CSW? Use of condoms Travel sexual history (of index and partner STI's and STI screens? - HIV, hep B, EBV, CMV, chlamydia, UTI, HSV
What sports make you prone to which diseases?
• Canoeists – Leptospirosis, gastroenteritis • Cavers – Histoplasmosis, Marburg • Trekkers – Lyme Disease, other Tick-borne diseases • Rugby Players – HSV, fungal infections • Swimmers – Fungal infections, pox viruses, Leptospirosis, gastroenteritis
What do IV drugs make you prone to?
Hep C/B, HIV, endocarditis, skin and soft tissue infec including anthrax, aspergillus
What does alcohol make you prone to?
TB
Pneumonia
HIV
What does cannabis make you prone to?
Pneumonia, early COPD, lung abscess
What pets can give which diseases?
Dogs – Campylobacter species, Toxocara, rabies • Cats – Toxoplasma • Rodents – Rat Bite Fever, salmonella • Terrapins – Salmonella • Psittacine Birds – Chlamydia psittaci • Tropical Fish – Mycobacterium marinum • Wild and Domestic Fowl – Avian influenza • Agricultural animals (city farms etc) – Coxiella spp, salmonella, E.coli (eg 0157)
What past medical history is relevant? Why - what does it make you prone to?
Head Injury – Meningitis (especially pneumococcal) • Cancer • Use of immunosuppression – CMV, VZV, PCP, neutropenic sepsis (bacteria, fungi) • Splenectomy – Pneumococcal bacteraemia • Dentistry – endocarditis • Previous history of infectious disease – Especially meningitis, pneumonia, cellulitis
What can blood transfusions/blood products give you?
– HIV, HBV, HCV, malaria!, prions
What can an IV cannula give you?
Skin and soft tissue sepsis (bacterial)
