chap 46: Upper Respiratory Infections: OM & OE

Question 1

Caleb is an adult with an upper respiratory infection (URI). Treatment for his URI would include:

1. Amoxicillin
2. Diphenhydramine
3. Phenylpropanolamine
4. Topical oxymetazoline

Answer 1

4. Topical oxymetazoline

Question 2

2. Rose is a 3-year-old patient with an upper respiratory infection (URI). Treatment for her URI would include:
3. Amoxicillin
4. Diphenhydramine
5. Pseudoephedrine
6. Nasal saline spray

Answer 2

4. Nasal saline spray

Question 3

3. Patients who should be cautious about using decongestants for an upper respiratory infection (URI) include:
4. School-age children
5. Patients with asthma
6. Patients with cardiac disease
7. Patients with allergies

Answer 3

3. Patients with cardiac disease

Question 4

4. Jaheem is a 10-year-old low-risk patient with sinusitis. Treatment for a child with sinusitis is:
5. Amoxicillin
6. Azithromycin
7. Cephalexin
8. Levofloxacin

Answer 4

1. Amoxicillin

Question 5

5. Jacob has been diagnosed with sinusitis. He is the parent of a child in daycare. Treatment for sinusitis in an adult who has a child in daycare is:
6. Azithromycin 500 mg q day for 5 days
7. Amoxicillin-clavulanate 500 mg bid for 7 days
8. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg bid for 5 days
9. Cephalexin 500 mg qid for 5 days

Answer 5

2. Amoxicillin-clavulanate 500 mg bid for 7 days

Question 6

6. The length of treatment for sinusitis in a low-risk patient should be:
7. 5–7 days
8. 7–10 days
9. 14–21 days
10. 7 days beyond when symptoms cease

Answer 6

1. 5–7 days

Question 7

7. Patient education for a patient who is prescribed antibiotics for sinusitis includes:
8. Use of nasal saline washes
9. Use of inhaled corticosteroids
10. Avoiding the use of ibuprofen while ill
11. Use of laxatives to treat constipation

Answer 7

1. Use of nasal saline washes

Question 8

8. Myles is a 2-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with acute otitis media. He is afebrile and has not been treated with antibiotics recently. First-line treatment for his otitis media would include:
9. Azithromycin
10. Amoxicillin
11. Ceftriaxone
12. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Answer 8

2. Amoxicillin

Question 9

9. Alyssa is a 15-month-old patient who has been on amoxicillin for 2 days for acute otitis media. She is still febrile and there is no change in her tympanic membrane examination. What would be the plan of care for her?
10. Continue the amoxicillin for the full 10 days.
11. Change the antibiotic to azithromycin.
12. Change the antibiotic to amoxicillin/clavulanate.
13. Change the antibiotic to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

Answer 9

3. Change the antibiotic to amoxicillin/clavulanate.

Question 10

10. A child that may warrant “watchful waiting” instead of prescribing an antibiotic for acute otitis media includes patients who:
11. Are low risk with temperature of less than 39oC or 102.2oF
12. Have reliable parents with transportation
13. Are older than age 2 years
14. All of the above

Answer 10

4. All of the above

Question 11

11. Whether prescribing an antibiotic for a child with acute otitis media or not, the parents should be educated about:
12. Using decongestants to provide faster symptom relief
13. Providing adequate pain relief for at least the first 24 hours
14. Using complementary treatments for acute otitis media, such as garlic oil
15. Administering an antihistamine/decongestant combination (Dimetapp) so the child can sleep better

Answer 11

2. Providing adequate pain relief for at least the first 24 hours

Question 12

12. First-line therapy for a patient with acute otitis externa (swimmer’s ear) and an intact tympanic membrane includes:
13. Swim-Ear drops
14. Ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone drops
15. Amoxicillin
16. Gentamicin ophthalmic drops

Answer 12

2. Ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone drops