Lecture 5

Question 1

What are the factors that could lead to TB?

Answer 1

• The enviroment
• Microorganisms
• The hsot

Question 2

What are the environmental factors of TB?

Answer 2

Humans are the reservoir, humans with active disease are more likely to spread it and crowded areas increase infectiousness

Question 3

What are the characteristics of MTB?

Answer 3

Obligate anaerobe requires acid fast staining because of high wall lipid, intercelluar parasite that requires cell mediated defences

Question 4

How do immune competent hosts deal with TB

Answer 4

They have a two part response, the Marcrophage activating response aka the CMI and the tissue damage response which is a delyaed hypersenistivity

Question 5

How does TB survive first exposure?

Answer 5

The cell wall features of TB ends up blocking the fusion of phaosome and lysosome.
-Macrophages cant kill TB so it ends up poliferating

Question 6

How do you develop hypersensitivity?

Answer 6

So the Th1 cells produce gama inf which allows macrophages to recognize and bind to TB and allow to kill it. Chemokines kines and TNF recruit monocytes and differentiate into macrophages and form granulmatous

Question 7

Primary infection of TB?

Answer 7

Latent TB infection progressive primary tuberculosis

Question 8

What is secondary TB?

Answer 8

Its basically reinfection
-Fibrocasou pulmonary TB
Extrapilmonary organ system TB
-miliary TB

Question 9

whats the mechanism of the primary exposure?

Answer 9

patient gets the disease from active asshole with disease who spreads droplets and shit. then the dumbass patient doesnt have CMI which is macrophage acctivating shit so he cant fight the TB and the problem is he has a delayed deylayed hypersisnsitivty

Question 10

What is ghons zone?

Answer 10

its a primary infection lesion of TB usually in the

Question 11

So what are the consequencs of the primary infections?

Answer 11

Latent TB which forms ghons bullshit and then graulomas many organs but positve PPD but no sympotms

-Then goes to progressive Primary TB unusual in US. this leads to TB pneumonia, pleural effucsion, miliary TB

Question 12

What happens with secondary infection?

Answer 12

its a reinfection! DIp in immunity leads to this so that endogenous reactivated because there is some TB in the body

Exogenous inhalation so tht esame shit again from an infected asshole.

Upper lobe is prmary site for reinfection

Question 13

What is simons foucs?

Answer 13

early tb lesion in the apex of the lung but most patient recover ya 6eezi

Question 14

What are the complications of secondary TB?

Answer 14

Baroncgogenic spread- cough up bacilli

• Hemoptysis
• Leural and pericardial TB
• clinical symptoms, fever cachexia and fatigue
• Miliary Tb late hematogenous dissemeination

Question 15

Tuberculosis can manifests to extrapulmonary tb where can it go?

Answer 15

it can go to skeletal, adrenal, ocular and cutaneou s

Question 16

What is TB of head and neck?

Answer 16

Occurs in secondary TB found in lymph nodes, spinal and oral..
Oral Tb is rare but its a none healing ulcer

Question 17

What is skeletal TB?

Answer 17

Frequently affects spinal vertebral bodies which is potts disease
-Infection causes vertebral collaps, kyphosis and silan cord compression paravetebral granulmmas