L3 - Employee Training & Development

Question 1

Define training

Answer 1

Training: the systematic acquisition of attitudes, concepts, knowledge, roles or skills that result in improved performance at work
o Skills they need to perform their jobs

Question 2

Define development

Answer 2

Development: the set of activities that workers undergo to broaden and refine their KSAOs
o Broaden their skills and abilities

Question 3

When is ‘training’ needed?

Answer 3

• Initial training after selection
• Conversion training
• Organisation change
• Maintenance of skills
• Attitude change

Question 4

What are the 5 stages in the training process?

Answer 4

1. Needs assessment
2. Set objectives
3. Training design
4. Training Implementation
5. Training evaluation

Question 5

Describe the NEEDS ASSESSMENT stage of the training process

What three levels should a needs assessment focus on?

Answer 5

Needs assessment: a set of activities designed to collect data about what the organisation needs out of the training program

A critical step, that is usually overlooked

Key question: what does the training need to accomplish…
o In terms of the organisation’s goal?
o In terms of specific tasks?
o In terms of the people involved?
 Need to know the weakness they may have, and why they have those weaknesses; what are their expectations for the job

o Organisational level
 Concerned with the objectives of the organisation and how they are addressed by the performance of employees

o Job level
 Concerned with the nature of the tasks involved in each job

o Person level
 Concerned with how well job applicants or present employees are able to do job tasks

Question 6

Describe the SET OBJECTIVES stage of the training process

Answer 6

Learning objectives: what the trainee should be able to do or know at the end of the training

Should be derived from needs assessment

Question 7

Describe the TRAINING DESIGN stage of the training process

What 4 factors should you take into consideration?

Answer 7

• learning objectives
• principles of learning
• trainer qualifications
• individual differences

Question 8

Describe the TRAINING IMPLEMENTATION stage of the training process

On-site and off-site examples

Answer 8

Implementation of training: may use a variety of different modes:

o	On-site:
	On-the-job training
	Job rotation
	Apprenticeship
	Vestibule training
	Online

o	Off-site:
	Lectures/seminars
	Audio-visual
	Conferences
	Programmed/computer-assisted instruction
	Simulation/role playing

Question 9

Describe the TRAINING EVALUATION stage of the training process

Kirkpatrick’s (1976) evaluation of training, 4 areas?

Answer 9

Kirkpatrick’s (1976) evaluation of training:
o Reactions: did they like the training?
o Learning: did they learn anything from the training?
o Behaviour: do trainees behave any differently back on the job?
o Results: did the training have the desired outcome?

Question 10

What are the future directions in training?

Answer 10

• Increased technology
• Diversity of the workforce
• Continuous learning
• Adaptation and flexibility