7.3

Question 0

If body temperature falls significantly below this (35•C) then a person is said to be suffering from

Answer 0

Hypothermia

Question 1

Normal body temperature =

Answer 1

37•C

Question 2

Hypothermia is when body temperature falls significantly and the normal heat conservation and heat generation responses of the body are

Answer 2

Unable to bring the body temperature back up

Question 3

When body falls to 35•C, the normal heat conservation and heat generation responses of the body are unable to Bring the body temperature back up, other words:

Answer 3

Negative mechanism fails

Question 4

As the body temperature falls, the body’s rate of metabolism slows down. This happens because molecules have

Answer 4

Less kinetic energy, so enzyme-controlled reactions happen more slowly, as a result metabolic reactions involved in respiration slow down (example of positive feedback)

Question 5

Positive feedback is the process which results in a factor in the body’s interval environment, such as temperature, that departs from its normal level becoming

Answer 5

Further from the norm

Question 6

Positive feedback is not common. Usually harmful such as temperature falls, continues to fall and enzymes become less active so less heat is

Answer 6

Released and temperature continues to fall

Question 7

Good form of positive feedback is

Answer 7

Labour

Question 8

Labour 
    ⬇️
Cervix opens
    ⬇️
Oxytocin released 
    ⬇️
Oxytocin increases contraction
    ⬇️
Cervix stretches more
    ⬇️

Answer 8

More oxytocin is released

Question 9

Positive feedback is a deviation from normal conditions and is amplified leading to a

Answer 9

Further deviation

Question 10

Hypothermia is a risk for:

Answer 10

Elderly - cost of heating/inactive less heat produced via respiration

Young and fit - exposed to extreme cold; air temperature is very cold; heat is lost from body rapidly

Outdoor activities - climbing/walking; experience difficulties (injury/weather) that keep them exposed to cold weather for longer than they had anticipated

Question 11

Initial symptoms of hypothermia:

Answer 11

• may not recognise it
• events stop feeling cold
• become relaxed or sleepy

Question 12

At initial symptoms of hypothermia it is important to give the

Answer 12

Correct first aid treatment at this point

Question 13

Later symptoms of hypothermia include:

Answer 13

• heart rate slows
• arterioles dilate
• start to feel warm
• may want to remove clothing

Question 14

After later symptoms they slip into

Answer 14

Unconsciousness

Question 15

Hyperthermia is a condition in which the body temperature rises above

Answer 15

Normal

Question 16

Our bodies mainly lose heat by

Answer 16

Sweating

Question 17

If someone is dehydrated they may not produce enough sweat.

If the air is humid (I.e. Saturated with water vapour) then swear may not

Answer 17

Evaporate quickly enough to bring body temperature down

Question 18

As body temperature rises above the normal level the person starts to feel ill. If the body temperature rises above 41•C the hypothalamus is no longer able to

Answer 18

Regulate body temperature and it continues to rise

Question 19

Heat stroke occurs when body temp rises above 41•C. The inability to regulate body temperature and its continued rise will make the person start to feel

Answer 19

Light headed and sick

Question 20

First aid treatment for hyperthermia is to bring the

Answer 20

Body temperature down as soon as possible

Question 21

(Hyperthermia) body temperature is brought down by:

Answer 21

• Applying cold water to the body

- Exposing the skin so that the water can evaporate easily

Question 22

(Hyperthermia) the person should be given cold drinks if they are able to

Answer 22

Swallow

Question 23

Fever is a medical sign that body temperature has

Answer 23

Risen above its normal level

Question 24

Fever is a symptom of

Answer 24

Disease in which body temperature is raised 1-2•C above normal

Question 25

Fever is different from hyperthermia because the body releases substances called

Answer 25

Pyrogens

Question 26

(Fever) pyrogens change the body's set point, so that the person feels cold, has an increased heart rate and shivers even though their body temperature is

Answer 26

Normal

Question 27

First aid treatment for hypothermia:

Answer 27

-send for medical help -prevent further body heat loss and warm the casualty gradually (wrapping them in layers in a warm room) -put casualty to bed and keep them Well covered -do not try to put causally in bath -offer the casualty warm drinks