7.3 Ethics&Ownership.aritificial_intelligence Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is artificial intelligence (AI)?
AI is a machine or application that performs tasks requiring human-like intelligence, such as language use, facial recognition, or decision-making.
Give examples of tasks that AI can perform.
AI can perform tasks such as language processing, mathematical calculations, facial recognition, machinery operation, and data analysis for predictions.
What are Isaac Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics?
1) A robot may not harm a human; 2) A robot must obey human orders; 3) A robot must protect itself unless it violates the first two laws.
Name some fields where AI is used beyond robotics.
AI is used in autonomous vehicles, artificial limbs, drones, climate change prediction, and precision medical procedures.
How many jobs could be lost by 2030 due to AI, according to predictions?
Around 600 million jobs may be lost globally, with 400 million people needing to retrain or change careers.
Which types of jobs are most at risk due to AI?
Medium- and low-skilled jobs are most at risk, but high-skilled roles such as hospital technicians and engineers are also vulnerable.
What potential societal issue could result from job loss due to AI?
Widespread unemployment among young people could lead to civil unrest.
How has history shown the impact of technological advancement on employment?
While some jobs are lost to automation, new, often more interesting jobs are created, leading to a net gain in employment.
Why might history not repeat itself with AI and job creation?
AI advancement is exponential and could eliminate up to 99% of jobs, possibly leaving few roles that humans need to perform.
How could future AI systems be self-sustaining in maintenance and production?
AI-controlled 3D printers are already producing other 3D printers autonomously, suggesting future machines may build and maintain each other.
What lifestyle benefit might increased AI bring to people?
More free time for hobbies and improved quality of life.
What is a concern regarding the environmental impact of increased AI?
While embracing AI boosts economies, it raises questions about environmental sustainability for nations not keeping pace.
How can AI support environmental protection?
AI can analyse large datasets to detect environmental patterns, improving predictions about climate change and speeding up scientific response.
Give examples of how AI can help conserve natural resources.
AI can improve water conservation, detect pollution sources more accurately, and enable better forecasting of renewable energy needs.
How could AI contribute to better renewable energy planning?
By combining weather forecasting and AI, more precise short-term energy forecasts for solar, wind, tidal, and thermal sources can be created.
How can AI help monitor ecosystems?
AI can model complex ecosystems in real-time (e.g. rivers), identifying imbalances early and enabling faster corrective actions.
How is AI impacting the transport industry?
Autonomous vehicles like driverless taxis and trucks are being developed, improving efficiency but potentially leading to job losses for drivers.
Describe how AI is used in the criminal justice system.
AI is used for facial recognition, automating legal work, sentencing criminals, and determining parole eligibility in some U.S. courts.
What ethical questions arise from AI in law enforcement?
Issues include the need for warrants to search data, potential for surveillance abuse, legal challenges to AI decisions, and ensuring no bias in AI.
What concern has emerged about bias in AI decision-making?
AI systems used for parole decisions in the USA have shown racial bias against black African Americans.
What was the Cambridge Analytica scandal about?
In 2018, the company was accused of misusing data from ~90 million Facebook profiles, allegedly influencing the 2016 U.S. election.
How can AI help prevent future data misuse scandals?
Sophisticated AI can enable real-time monitoring of data use and breaches faster than human analysts.
How is AI used in advertising?
AI uses machine learning algorithms to create personality profiles and deliver tailored ads based on user activity from search engines, social media, and websites.
