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Science Year 7 > Matter,Ecology,Energy,Solar System > Flashcards

Matter,Ecology,Energy,Solar System Flashcards

1
Q

What are amorphous solids?

A

They are packed together with an irregular structure.

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2
Q

Where is the asteroid belt located?

A

Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

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3
Q

What are Quantitative observations?

A

Involve a numerical measurement

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3
Q

What is a solid?

A

A substance that keeps the same size and shape regardless of the shape container it is.

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4
Q

What is a liquid?

A

A substance that keeps the same volume but have no fixed shape. They take on the shape of the container they’re placed in.

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5
Q

What are qualitative observations?

A

Describe in words the result of an investigation.

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7
Q

What is the particle model?

A
  • all substance are made up of particles
  • the particles are attracted towards surrounding particles
  • the particles are always moving
  • the hotter the substance is, the faster they move
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8
Q

Finish the sentence:

‘Particles in solids cannot move freely but they…… .. ….. ………

A

vibrate in fixed positions.

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9
Q

The density of an object depends on…

A

How closely together the particles are.

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10
Q

What are crystalline solids?

A

Solids made up of particles arranged in regular repeated units.

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12
Q

What is a fluid?

A

A fluid is any substance that flows.

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13
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Diffusion is the spreading of one substance into another.

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14
Q

What is radiation?

A

Radiation travels in straight lines and can pass through empty space.

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15
Q

In which state of matter cant diffusion occur and why?

A

Solids because the particles are not free to move.

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17
Q

A change of state involves…

A

Heating or cooling of matter

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18
Q

How do you find out the density of an object?

A

Mass divided by volume.

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19
Q

Define community

A

A community is a group or association of populations of two or more different species occupying the same geographical area.

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20
Q

What is density?

A

The measure of how much matter there is in an object compared with how much space it takes up.

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21
Q

What is matter made up of ?

A

Particles

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22
Q

What is heat?

A

Heat is a form of energy and flows from a hotter object to a colder one until the temperatures are equal.

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23
Q

What is contraction?

A

When a substance is cooled:

  • Particles move more slowly
  • Distance between particles gets smaller
  • Attraction between the particles increases
23
Q

What is the difference between transferring and transforming?

A

Transferring is when the same type of energy is transferred from one object to another.

24
Q

When does an object float in water?

A

If the fluid provided has a lower density that the fluid does.

24
Q

What is transforming?

A

When energy is converted from one form to another or one energy to another.

25
Q

When a substance is heated….

A
  • the particles move faster
  • become further apart
  • take up space
  • therefore the substance expands
27
Q

Define Environment

A

An environment is the surroundings or conditions in which animal or plant lives or operates.

28
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass or takes up space.

31
Q

Liquids and gases which particles are further apart and have more freedom of movement are classified as..

A

fluids

31
Q

What is law of conservation of energy?

A

That energy cant be destroyed or created it can only be transformed.

31
Q

What is temperature?

A

Temperature is a measurement of how hot or cold something is.

32
Q

Define population

A

A population is all the individuals of the same species within an ecological community.

33
Q

What is conduction?

A

Conduction is when the particles move faster and pass on energy through collisions. Kinetic energy is passed from particle to particle.

34
Q

What is convention?

A

Convection is the circulation of gas or liquid due to changes in density caused by heating.

35
Q

What is a Gas?

A

A substance that takes on the shape of there container and takes up all available space. Gases re also copies able so their volume can be made larger or smaller.

35
Q

What is ecology?

A

Ecology is the study of the way in which organisms interact with other organisms & with their environment.

35
Q

Define Habitat

A

A habitat is the natural home or environment of an animal plant or other organism.

36
Q

Define ecosystem

A

An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

37
Q

what are biotic factors?

A

All living organisms

38
Q

What are abiotic factors?

A

Non-living things

39
Q

What are producers?

A

Organisms that can make their own energy through photosynthesis.

41
Q

What is the Heliocentric model?

A

Where the plants including earth orbit the sun.

42
Q

What are decomposers?

A

Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms into simpler chemicals.

42
Q

How does photosynthesis work?

A

Carbon dioxide (in the atmosphere)+water——> glucose+oxygen

43
Q

Which planets are terrestrial planets?

A

Mercury , Venus , Earth, Mars

44
Q

Which planets are gas planets?

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

47
Q

The eight planets orbit the sun in an ________ pattern?

A

Elliptical

48
Q

What are some reasons why microbes can be bad for humans?

A
  • cause food to decay

- cause diseases (tetanus, pneumonia)

49
Q

What are some reason why microbes are good?

A
  • used to make food
  • live on our bodies
  • important for recycling nutrients in ecosystems
50
Q

What is the Geocentric model?

A

Where the sun and the planets all orbit Earth.

51
Q

What is expansion?

A

A substance is heated:

  • When the particles move faster
  • Distance between particles increases
  • The attraction between the particles decreases
51
Q

What are consumers?

A

Organisms that receive energy by consuming other organisms

52
Q

How has our understanding improved through the use of technology?

A

Galileo first described cheaters on the moon using an early telescope. Now astronomers have an array of satellites and telescopes which help us find out more about space.

Science Year 7 (2 decks)

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