Gentics

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

Genetic makeup
Eg)Bb
Eg)BB

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

Physical appearance

Question 3

In breeding

Answer 3

Mating of close relatives

Can be used to get fast improvements but the positive and negative characteristics are enhanced

Question 4

Line breeding

Answer 4

Mating of distance relatives

Question 5

Subjective

Answer 5

Things we can see

Eg) udder attachment, feet and legs, frames

Question 6

Objective

Answer 6

Things we measure

Eg) milk production, weight

Question 7

Pure breeding

Answer 7

homozygous (breeds true)

Question 8

Cross breeding

Answer 8

heterozygous (hybrid vigour)

Question 9

Heritability

Answer 9

Heritability – likelihood of characteristics being passed on

Question 10

Mutation

Answer 10

Mutation – dramatically different from what is expected genetically

Question 11

Abnormality

Answer 11

Abnormality – similar to mutation, only it is cased by something in the environment (Eg Siamese twins)

Question 12

Recessive gene

Answer 12

Recessive gene – overshadowed by dominate gene

Question 13

Dominate gene

Answer 13

Dominate gene – one gene overshadows the other

Question 14

Chromosome

Answer 14

Chromosome – 46 chromosomes. Expect reproductive cells only 23