social chapter 3

Question 1

what are 3 reasons why countries form colonies

Answer 1

• to supply raw materials to the mother country
• to create a market place to sell their manufactured goods
• to dominate territories within new countrys

Question 2

what is mercantilism and how does it work?

Answer 2

person get the raw materials really cheap from the country then goes back to the mother country, manufactures them and then sells it for more

Question 3

whats 1 consequence of mercantilism in new france

Answer 3

furs accounted for more than 70% of the colony’s exports and the fur trade was directly responsible for the large expansion of territory

Question 4

in regards to relationships with F/N people, how did the french and english imperialism differ from each other?

Answer 4

The french saw F/N as “savages” who had to be converted to catholics. They also saw them as potential trading partners in the fur trade

Question 5

3 examples of how European imperialism and colonization impacted the F/N people

Answer 5

• Many died from diseases brought over by the Europeans - Many were killed or forced off their land, especially by the british colonies
• Many were forced or chose to become catholics

Question 6

what role did the catholic church play in organizing french society in New France

Answer 6

Provided moral direction, founded schools, hospitals, and orphanages

Question 7

A european fashion, beaver felt hats, spurred the development of New France. In what ways does fashion impact our lives today

Answer 7

• It’s a billion dollar industry today
• Many people feel a desire to buy and wear particular labels, which identify who they are, and will pay large amounts of money to create a particular image of themselves or try to live like celebrities

Question 8

what did the sovereign council rule?

Answer 8

the sovereign council ruled new France according to the decisions of the King of France

Question 9

list the 3 positions of the sovereign council and summarize what their job was

Answer 9

governor-represents the king, controlled the military, defenese of the colony, outside relations (trade relations) with F/N
Intendant- cheif administrator or of the colony. kept the economy in good order, less dependant on france for the colonys basic needs
bishop-represented the catholic church in colony, provided spiritual and moral guidence, founded schools, hospitals and orphanages

Question 10

what were seigneurys

Answer 10

seigneuries were large plots of land owned by seigneurs

Question 11

who were seigneurs

Answer 11

seigneurs were usually men from noble families but woman and comoners could also be seigneurs

Question 12

what 4 things did seigneurs have to do to keep their land grants

Answer 12

• build a flourmill
• build a church for settlers
• recruit settlers to farm it
• build a house for themselves

Question 13

who were the habitants

Answer 13

were the settlers, farmers that lived on the seigneury

Question 14

what 5 things did the habitants have to do in exchange for the right to establish a farm on the seigneury

Answer 14

• clear the land
• plant crops
• build a house
• pay the seigneur’s miller to grind their grain into flour
• give a few days work each year to the seigneur

Question 15

what is corvee

Answer 15

unpaid work

Question 16

seigneuries were arranged so that they had access to the river. list 2 reasons why this was needed

Answer 16

• water to drink

- irrigate their crops

Question 17

what was a fille du roi

Answer 17

were orphaned or destitute girls from paris who were offered a new life in new France.

Question 18

what was the fille du rois role

Answer 18

to be wives to the solders and men in new France. the king of France paid their dowry so they could have a good start at life.

Question 19

what was a coureur de bois

Answer 19

a coureur de bois was an independent fur trader, worked for themselves, not as a part of a company.

Question 20

What was a Voyageur?

Answer 20

A man from new France, was hired to transport to trade goods, and furs in and out of the great lakes area and further west. These men traveled between the fur merchants of Montreal and the fur trade posts.

Question 21

Who were the Jesuits?

Answer 21

Jesuits were a Catholic Religious order.

Question 22

What were 2 things they (Jesuits) did in New France?

Answer 22

They established missions among the F/N to try and convert them. They also supplied information about New France and F/N to France. They were very educated and established schools, hospitals, and orphanages in New France.

Question 23

who was Louis De Buade, Comte De Frontenac?

Answer 23

governor of New France in 1672. He took steps to secure the control of New France over the fur trade

Question 24

who is francios de laval

Answer 24

• bishop of quebec late 1600s

- established a seminary to train priests in new france, todays laval university

Question 25

who is jean talon

Answer 25

• first intendant of new france

- he encouraged the development of new industries in new france

Question 26

who is marie-claude chamois

Answer 26

• a fille du roi

- married francois frigon.

Question 27

who is Pierre esprit radisson

Answer 27

• a coureur du bois
• at different times sided with the british or the french, whichever gave him the best return for his skills and knowledge

Question 28

who is agathe de saint pere

Answer 28

• made cloth using nettles, bark fibre, cottonweed and wooly buffalo hair
• she ransomed 9 english weavers, who had been captured by the innu. these weavers trained others and all worked for agathe

Question 29

who is jean alexis lemoine

Answer 29

• spent his youth as a voyageur and fur trader. after he married, he set up a small shop in montreal selling supplies to voyageurs and local french troops
• besides having a small shop, also traded in furs and sold the furs to bigger merchants

Question 30

who is francois etienne cugnet

Answer 30

• involved in several business ventures in new france including a glue factory, and growing and exporting canadian tobacco
• he created the ironworks

Question 31

who is marguerite d youville

Answer 31

• founder of the sisters of charity (the grey nuns)

- her group established hospitals across canada including edmonton, calgary, st paul and lethbridge