Computer Hardware/ Software And Networking

Question 1

Firewall

Answer 1

A computer that sits between an internal network and the Internet

It allows access to internal data from specified incoming sites but tries to detect unauthorized access attempts and prevents them from coming in.

Question 2

Flash memory and where it is used

Answer 2

A special type of rewritable read-only memory that is compact and portable.

Memory cards- cameras, cell phones, PDA
Memory stick- computers, digital cameras, MP3 players, PDA

Question 3

Gigabyte GB

Answer 3

roughly 1 billion bytes

Question 4

Gigahertz GHz

Answer 4

The number of billions of CPU cycles per second

Question 5

Guided Media (wire media

Answer 5

Coaxial cable: cable that can carry a wide range of frequencies with low signal loss
Twisted-pair wiring: a type of cable composed of four or more copper wires twisted around each other within a plastic sheath
Fiber Optic: the technology associated with the transmission of information as light impulses along a glass wire or fiber

Question 6

Hard drive

Answer 6

A secondary storage medium that uses several rigid disks coated with magnetically sensitive material and housed together with the recording heads in a air tight sealed mechanism

Question 7

Hypertext transfer protocol (Http)

Answer 7

Allows web browsers and servers to send and receive web pages

Question 8

Local area network (LAN)

Answer 8

Designed to connect a group of computers in close proximity to each other; such as a office building, school, or home

Question 9

Modem

Answer 9

It converts the digital signals of a computer into analog signals so they can be sent across the telephone line and then vice versa on the other end

Question 10

Primary storage

Answer 10

The computers main memory, which consists of the random access memory (ram), the cache memory, and the read only memory (rom) that is directly accessible to the central processing unit

Question 11

Protocols

Answer 11

A type of networking; a standard that specifies the format of data as well as the rules to be followed during transmission

Ethernet and transmission control protocol/ Internet protocol (TCP/IP)

Question 12

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Answer 12

The computers primary working memory, in which program instructions and data are stored so that they can be access directly by the CPU via the processors high speed external data bus

Question 13

Read only Memory (ROM)

Answer 13

The portion of a computers primary storage that does not lose its contents when one switches off the power

Question 14

Router

Answer 14

Intelligent connecting device that examines each packet of data it receives and then decides which way to send it onward to its destination

Question 15

Secondary storage

Answer 15

Consists of equipment designed to store large volumes of data for long term storage

Question 16

Server

Answer 16

A computer thatis dedicated to providing information in response to external requests

Question 17

Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet protocol (TCP/IP)

Answer 17

Provides the technical foundation for the public Internet as well as for large numbers of private networks

Applications–

• File Transfer Protocol: allows files containing text, programs, graphics numerical data, etc. to be downloaded off or uploaded onto a network
• simple Mail Transfer Protocol: TCP/IPs own messaging system for email
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol: allows web browsers and servers to end and receive web pages
• Simple Network Management Protocol: allows the management of networked nodes to be managed from a single point

Question 18

Terabyte (TB)

Answer 18

A roughly 1 trillion bytes

Question 19

Transistors

Answer 19

A semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power

Question 20

Unguided Media- wireless

Answer 20

Devices are conducted by a receive/transmitter to a special network interface card that transmits signals between a computer and a server, all written an acceptable transmission range

Question 21

Voice Over IP (VOIP)

Answer 21

Uses TCP-IP technology to transmit voice calls over long-distance telephone lines

Question 22

Volatility

Answer 22

RAM’s complete loss of stored information if power is interrupted

Question 23

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Answer 23

A way to use the public telecommunication infrastructure to provide secure access to an organizations network

Question 24

Word length

Answer 24

Number of bits (0s and 1s) that can be processed by the CPU at any one time