3. Movement In And Out Of Cells

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

This is the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, down the concentration gradient

Question 2

Factors affecting diffusion

Answer 2

Larger concentration gradient
Higher temperature
Smaller molecule surface ares

Question 3

Osmosis

Answer 3

Movement of water molecules from their region of high concentration to a region of their low concentration through a semi permeable membrane

Question 4

Concentration in Osmosis

Answer 4

Conc. of solute outside the cell > conc. inside = Cell shrinks (Plasmolysis)
Conc. of solute outside the cell < conc. inside = Cell grows (Turgid)

Question 5

Osmosis in Animals

Answer 5

Increasing solute conc. inside the cell can cause the cell to burst due to too much water

Question 6

Osmosis in Plants

Answer 6

Increasing solute concentration inside the cell causes the cell to become turgid
Decreasing solute concentration inside the cell causes it to become flaccid

Question 7

Active Transport

Answer 7

Movement of particles through a cell membrane, from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, against the concentration gradient
This is done using energy from respiration (ATP)

Question 8

Tonicity

Answer 8

The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure in a cell

Question 9

Homogenous

Answer 9

When you can’t differentiate the solvent and solute in a solution

Question 10

Isotonic Solution

Answer 10

Solutions that have identical osmotic pressures

Question 11

Hypotonic Solutions

Answer 11

A solution where the solute concentration is low enough to cause water to move into cells

Question 12

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 12

A solution whose solute concentration is high enough to cause water to leave the cells