Gothic Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Abbey Church of Saint-Denis

A

1140-44. France

  • planned by Abbot Suger
  • started flowing interior space and all-pervasive, colored interior light.
  • led to widespread use of large stained-glass windows
  • west facade and narthex combined Norman tripartite facade design with sculptured portals. two towers, round window, and narrative sculpture over 3 portals.
  • ribbed groin vaults.semicircular sanctuary surrounded by ambulatory and 7 radiating chapels
  • ribbed groin vaults, round piers, pointed arches, wall buttresses
  • choir based on open space rather than massive walls
  • considered light and color to be means of illuminating the soul and uniting it with God.
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2
Q

Describe Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Paris

A

1163

  • adopted from Norman Romanesque architecture (6 part vaults, flying buttresses)
  • four story nave. (arcade, gallery, two levels of small windows)
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3
Q

Describe Chartres Cathedral

A

Chartres, France. 1134
-main treasure - tunic of the virgin (healing) > lead to becoming major pilgrimage site
-north transept portal shows world before Christ
-south transept = later events in Christian history
-3 = Trinity. 4 = material world 3+4 = 7 (all-inclusive. 7 gifts of the Holy Spirit)
ROYAL PORTAL (west facade)
-center. Christ is enthroned with 4 evangelists. apostles fill lintel and 24 elders line archivolts
-portal on right is dedicated to Mary and early life of Christ
-Left, Christ ascends heavenward in cloud supported by angels
-storied capitals depict earthly activities
-flanking doorways are monumental jamb figures depicting Old Testament kings and queens
-symbolizes support for Christ and Mary
-calm and order prevails all elements

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4
Q

Describe Franciscans and Dominicans

A

-mendicant orders (believed in poverty, charity, and love. dedicated to teaching and preaching)
Franciscans - Saint Francis. dark grey/brown robes tied with rope. 3 knots symbolize vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience (brothers)
Dominican - Domenico Guzman. teachers. Black Friars because black cloak over white white tunic

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5
Q

Describe Sheet of Drawings with Geometric Figures and Ornaments

A

Villard de Honnecourt. Paris. 1220-35. Ink on vellum.

  • Lodge books. Collection of drawings that provided visual instruction for apprentices.
  • geometric shapes as guides for images
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6
Q

Describe Tree of Jesse

A

Chartres Cathedral. 1150-70. Stained and painted glass.

  • Jesse lies at base of tree whose trunk grows out of his body
  • tree literally connects Jesus with house of David
  • Branches above, 4 kings of Judea, Virgin Mary, and Christ.
  • 7 doves, symbolizing gifts of Holy Spirit encircle Christ. 14 prophets stand in semicircles flanking tree.
  • set within iron framework visible as rectilinear pattern of black lines
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7
Q

Colors of stained glass

A
Blue - heaven and fidelity
Red - Passion
White - purity
Green - fertility and springtime
Yellow - substitute for gold. presence of God.
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8
Q

Describe Rose of France

A

Chartres Cathedral. North transept. 1220.

  • Lancets - Saint Anne and infant Mary have place of honor. Anne flanked by Old Testament figures.
  • center. Mary enthroned with Christ Child. Radiating from them are 4 doves (Gospels), 8 angels, prophets, and Old Testament ancestors of Christ.
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9
Q

Describe Amiens Cathedral

A

France. 1220-88.
-planned by Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont
-no narthex. expanded transept and sanctuary. (shortens nave)
-in choir, chapels of same size and shape enhance clarity of design
BASICALLY SUPER BALANCED.

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10
Q

Describe Reims Cathedral

A

France. 1211

-sculptures and reliefs so many ugh.

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11
Q

Describe Sainte-Chapelle

A

Paris. 1243-48
It’s the one that’s radiating.
-built on two stories.

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12
Q

Describe Queen Blanche of Castile and Louis IX

A

Paris. 1226-34. Moralized Bible. Ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum.
Mother, Blanche of Castile, and young king seated on ornate thrones against gold background.
-below, scholar monk dictates and scribes works on page.
-compositional format derived from stained-glass lancets
-show relation to stained glass through use of glowing red and blues, and reflective gold surface

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13
Q

Describe Abraham, Sarah, and the Three Strangers

A

Paris. 1253-70. Ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum

  • from Psalter of Saint Louis
  • created for king’s private devotions
  • old testament story
  • the frames are cool.
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14
Q

Describe Psalm 1 (Beatus Ver)

A

London. 1270-80. Ink, pigments, and gold on vellum

  • from Windmill psalter
  • story of Solomon and baby.
  • visual puns
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15
Q

Describe Salisbury Cathedral

A

England. 1220-58.

dark stone. four-part rib. contrasts with lighter limestone in the rest of interior

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16
Q

Describe Church of Saint Elizabeth

A

Germany. 1235-83

  • first true Gothic hall church
  • nave and aisles are equal height
17
Q

Describe Altneuschul

A

Prague, Bohemia. late 13th c.

  • synagogue
  • demonstrates adaptability of Gothic hall church for non-Christian use.
  • two focal points. aron (shrine) and bimah (raised reading platform)
18
Q

Describe Shrine of the Three Kings

A

Germany. 1205-10. Silver and gilded bronze with enamel and gemstones.

  • Nicholas of Verdun and workshop
  • full and naturalistic modeled figures
19
Q

Describe Ekkehard and Uta

A

Germany. 1245-60. Stone, originally polychromed

  • lifelike and individualized figures and faces
  • warrior and courtly.
20
Q

Describe Pulpit

A
  1. Marble. Nicola Pisano.
    -proud of his own work.
    capitals support standing figures and trefoil arches.
    -panels illustrate New Testament
21
Q

Describe Siena Cathedral

A

Siena, Italy. 1284-99

  • incorporated French Style, like Gothic gables with classical columns and moldings.
  • figural sculptures high up.