chapter 13 injection techniques

Question 1

22 gauge catheters may tolerate flow rates up to

Answer 1

5 mL

Question 2

20 gauge catheters may tolerate flow rates up to

Answer 2

3 mL

Question 3

preferred vein when using a mechanical injector

Answer 3

antecubital

Question 4

if using veins on the hand or the wrist limit flow rate to

Answer 4

2.0 mL or less

Question 5

apply tourniquet about ___ proximal to choosen site

Answer 5

2 in.

Question 6

CVAD

Answer 6

a venous catheters designed to deliver medications and fluids directly into SVC,IVC, and RA

Question 7

PICC

Answer 7

a long catheters that is inserted through the large veins of the upper arm and advanced so the tip is located in the lower 3rd of the SVc

Question 8

three phases of tissue enhancement

Answer 8

bolus, nonequlibrium, equlibrium

Question 9

differences between tissue enhancement phases

Answer 9

1, rate of contrast

2. time that elapses from the start of the injection
3. when scanning is initiated

Question 10

bolus phase

Answer 10

immediately follows after injection
30 or more HU
arterial structures are highlighted

Question 11

Ct angiography images are taken while in the ___phase

Answer 11

bolus

Question 12

nonequilibrium phase

Answer 12

follows the bolus phase
10 to 30 HU
contrast is still bright in the arteries than in the parenchyma but venous structures are opacified

Question 13

Most routine body images are acquired while contrast is in the ____ phase

Answer 13

nonequilibrium

Question 14

equilibrium

Answer 14

contrast is largely emptied from the arteries and greatly diluted in the veins and has soaked the organ parenchyma

less than 10 HU

Question 15

worst phase for scanning the liver

Answer 15

eqilibrium

Question 16

contrast typically reaches a near peak in the aorta ____ after the start on injection

Answer 16

15 to 22 sec

Question 17

kidney scans are often acquired in the nephrographic phase which is____ after injection

Answer 17

80 to 120

Question 18

For routine brain scanning a scan delay of ____or greater is typical to allow sufficient time for contrast to leak across a disrupted blood -brain barrier into abnormal tissue

Answer 18

4 min

Question 19

drip infusion

Answer 19

IV line is initiated and contrast medium is allowed to drip in during a period of several min

Question 20

drip infusion is not recommend for

Answer 20

scans of the neck, chest, abdomen or pelvis

Question 21

extravasation

Answer 21

is the leakage of from a vein into the surrounding tissue

Question 22

test bolus

Answer 22

method consist of administering 10 to 20 mL of contrast by IV and performing several trial scans to determine the length of time from injection to peak contrast enhancement in a target region

Question 23

bolus triggering

Answer 23

uses a series of low radiation to monitor the progress of the contrast bolus , once adequate level of enhancement is achieved the table starts scanning