Lecture 25 - HIV and AIDS Flashcards
What does GRID stand for?
gay-related immuno-deficiency
Which HIV strain is the etiological agent of AIDS epidemic?
HIV-1
How is HIV transmitted?
congenitally and heterosexually
What is ART?
antiretroviral therapy | chronic therapy using multiple drugs to target several steps in HIV life cycle
What are the HIV Control weak spots? (6)
ART = not a cure = doesn’t clear virus | no vaccine | can’t stop taking antiviral drugs | drug-resistant viruses appear | drugs = expensive | AIDS = developing country disease
What is the drug for pre-exposure prophylaxis and in general, common drug used to target HIV?
truvada
What is SIV?
simmian immuno-deficiency
Where was SIV isolated from?
chimpanzee
What SIV similar to? Why?
AIDS as it is pathogenic in natural host
What are the steps included in the ART therapy?
viral fusion (CCR5) | RT | integrase | protease | assembly | regulatory factors
What are the 5 methods of HIV transmission between humans?
anal/vag sex | sharing HIV-contaminated needles | blood transfusions | needle sticks | congenital AIDS
Which strain (CCR5 or CXCR4) of HIV interacts with dendritic cells?
CCR5 binding strain
What are the major reservoirs of infection that exist outside of blood?
GI, CNS, genital tracts
What is the number of CD4 T-cells/ml (not destroyed in body) that define AIDS?
lower than 200
How does HIV cause CD4 T-cell death?
pyropotosis drive CD4 T-cell depletion during HIV infection === dying CD4 T-cells release inflammatory signals that attract more cells to die
