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Hematology > Hematology Week 1: Secondary Homeostasis > Flashcards

Hematology Week 1: Secondary Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Secondary Hemostasis AKA

A

Coagulation

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2
Q

Primary hemostasis

A
  • platelet plug formation platelets adhere to collagen in the subendothelium and become activated
  • forms surface for coagulation reactions
  • localizes fibrin formation at the injury site
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3
Q

Secondary Hemostasis

A

Coagulation formation

Fibrin Clot formation

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4
Q

Overall system of Vascular injury

A

1st vasoconstriction

2nd exposure of sub-endothelial (collagen)

3rd exposure of tissue factor

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5
Q

Key points of secondary hemostasis

A
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6
Q

Without platelets

A

coagulation reactions cannot occur

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7
Q

Coagulation factors

A

Factor VI was removed because it is the active form of factor V

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8
Q

Textbook representation of coagulation

A
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9
Q

Physiologic pathway of coagulation

A
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10
Q

FVIIa activates

A

FX

FIX

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11
Q

FXI activates

A

FIX

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12
Q

Activators of FIX

A

FVIIa

FXI

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13
Q

FIX in complex with FVIII Activates

A

FX

massive amplification

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14
Q

FXa in complex with FV activates

A

Prothrombin to Thrombin

massive amplification

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15
Q

Integrated Mass Activation Process of Hemostasis: First Minute & Second Minute

A
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16
Q

Integrated Mass Activation Process of Hemostasis: 2-20 minutes and Hours-days

A
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17
Q

No factor XIII

A

No crosslinking of fibrin by factor XIII so will clot fine but then the clot will break open

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18
Q

Clinical Signs Associated with bleeding

Platelet and vWD Defects

7 listed

A
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19
Q

Clinical Signs Associated with bleeding

Coagulation Defects

6 listed

A
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20
Q

Identify

A

Hematoma

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21
Q

Identify

A

Missing FXIII bleeds into muscle and bone space

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22
Q

Identify

A

bleeding into knees

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23
Q

Identify

A

Severe knee bleeding

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24
Q

Identify

A

knee fusion from knee bleeding and not walking or moving it

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25
Q

Identify

A

bleeding in the abdomen’s surface

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26
Q

Coagulation Lab Values

A
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27
Q

Pre-Analytical Variables

A

How the blood is collected, processed and stored can produce erroneous results

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28
Q

Laboratory tests of coagulation

7 listed

A
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29
Q

Coagulation specific Tests

2 listed

A
  • Specific Factor Assays
  • Dependent on abnormal screening results
30
Q

Global Clotting Assays based on PT and PTT

A
31
Q

PT AKA

A

Pro Time

32
Q

PT is often used for?

A

Commonly used to Monitor coumadin and warfarin

33
Q

Procoagulant Proteins Vitamin K Dependent

A
  • Prothrombin
  • Factor 10
  • Factor 7
  • Factor 9
34
Q

Anticoagulant proteins vitamin K-dependent

A
  • Protein C
  • Protein S
35
Q

Vitamin K function in dependent coagulation proteins

A

Vitamin K carboxylates coagulation proteins posttranslationally to allow that molecule to bind to a phospholipid surface in the presence of Ca2+

Warfarin makes them non-carboxylated

Vitamin K deficiency makes non-carboxylated

36
Q

Warfarin

A

Must monitor once a month

37
Q

INR

A

International Normalized Ratio

38
Q

PTT AKA

A

Partial Thromboplastin Time

39
Q

PTT uses

A
40
Q

Mixing Studies

A

mixing patient plasma with normal plasma

mix it

want to see if it corrects or fails to correct and prolongs

41
Q

PTT Mixing Studies Interpretations

A
42
Q

Coagulation Abnormalities Disorders

A
43
Q

Coagulation Levels

A
44
Q

Hemophilia

A
45
Q

Hemophilia Genetics

A

Both hemophilia A and B are on X chromosome

46
Q

Factor 8 Deficiency AKA

A

Hemophilia A

47
Q

Factor 8 Deficiency

A
48
Q

Factor 9 Deficiency AKA

A

Hemophilia B

49
Q

Factor 9 Deficiency

A
50
Q

Clinical Classification of Hemophilia

A
51
Q

Factor 11 Deficiency AKA

A

Hemophilia C

52
Q

Hemophilia C common in this ethnic group

A

ashkenazi jewish

53
Q

Factor 11 Deficiency

A
54
Q

Laboratory findings of Hemophilia

A
55
Q

Genetics of Hemophilia

A
56
Q

Causes of death of hemophiliacs

A
57
Q

Inhibitor Formation in treatment of Hemophilia

A

antibody to Factor 8

58
Q

Inhibitor testing in Hemophilia

A
59
Q

Complications of hemophilia

A
60
Q

Treatment of Hemophilia

A
61
Q

New treatments for hemophilia

A
62
Q

New treatments for hemophilia B

A
63
Q

Coagulation in liver disease Etiology

A

Viral

Cirrhosis

Liver Transplant processes

64
Q

Decreased factor synthesis in liver disease and associated major bleeding risks

A
65
Q

Hemostatic system in newborns

A
66
Q

Hemostatic system in Children

A
67
Q

Hemorrhagic Disease of the newborn

A

sometimes in home births or vitamin k deficient

68
Q
A
69
Q

Mechanism of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn

4 listed

A
70
Q

REMEMBER

A
71
Q

Most disease processes are associated with hemostatic complications

A

Hematology (26 decks)

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