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Cardiology/ACLS > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the wave form represents atrial depolarization?

A

P Wave

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2
Q

What part of the wave form represents ventricular depolarization?

A

QRS Complex

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3
Q

What is a Q wave?

A

Negative deflection following the P wave

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4
Q

What is an R wave?

A

Positive deflection following a Q wave

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5
Q

What is an S wave?

A

1st negative deflection following the R wave

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6
Q

What is special about the P wave in the V1 lead?

A

It will typically be negative

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7
Q

True or false: Not everyone has a QRS?

A

True

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8
Q

What is a Q wave called that is <0.04sec?

A

Physiologic

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9
Q

What is a Q wave called that is >0.04sec?

A

Pathologic

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10
Q

A QRS complex is wide if it is greater than _____ in length.

A

0.12 seconds

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11
Q

A QRS complex is narrow if it is shorter than _____ in length.

A

0.10 seconds

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12
Q

What is a sign of something wrong in the T wave?

A

If it is lumpy or knotched

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13
Q

What does the T wave represent?

A

Ventricular Repolarization

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14
Q

What is a span of time following a complex?

A

Segment

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15
Q

What portion of the ECG is represented at the end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave?

A

ST segment

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16
Q

What is the period of recovery that cells need after being discharged before they are able to respond to a stimulus?

A

Refractoriness

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17
Q

What area is represented from onset of QRS complex to approximate peak of T wave when cells cannot be stimulated to conduct an electrical impulse, no matter how strong the stimulus?

A

Absolute Refractory Period

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18
Q

What PR interval length is abnormal?

A

> 0.20sec or 200ms

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19
Q

What QT interval length is abnormal?

A

> 0.40sec or 400ms

20
Q

A Q wave is pathologic if it is…

A

More than 0.04sec in length

21
Q

A Q wave is physiologic if it is…

A

Less than 0.04sec in length

22
Q

The onset of the QRS complex to the peak of the T wave is called the…

A

Absolute Refractory Period

23
Q

The downslope of the T wave is called the…

A

Relative Refractory Period

24
Q

The end of the T wave marks the beginning of the…

A

Supernormal Period

25
Q

One small square on an ECG represents…

A

1mm voltage and 0.04sec time

26
Q

One block of 5-squares on the ECG represents…

A

5mm voltage and 0.2sec time

27
Q

Why is Lead II the preferred lead to look at for heart rhythm and rate?

A

It starts at the bottom left limb and travels through the heart to the upper right shoulder, showing the complete conduction system of the heart.

28
Q

What does the PR Segment represent?

A

Electrical depolarizing from the AV node through the bundle of HIS to the Purkinje fibers.

29
Q

Where does the PR Segment begin and end on the ECG?

A

The horizontal line between the end of the P wave and the beginning of the QRS complex.

30
Q

Where does the TP Segment begin and end on the ECG?

A

The end of the T wave and the beginning of the following P wave.

31
Q

Where does the ST Segment begin and end on the ECG?

A

The end of teh QRS complex and the beginning of the T wave.

32
Q

Where does the QT interval begin and end on teh ECG?

A

The beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T-wave.

33
Q

Where does the PR interval begin and end on the ECG?

A

The beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex; also called the PQ interval.

34
Q

What does a long (>0.2sec) PR interval represent?

A

The electrical impulse was delayed as it passed through the atria or AV node.

35
Q

What is the intrinsic rate of the SA node?

A

60-100

36
Q

What is the intrinsic rate of the AV node (junction all rhythm)?

A

40-60

37
Q

What is the intrinsic rate of the ventricles/purkinjes?

A

20-40

38
Q

What is the difference between a PJC and a PAC? How are they alike?

A

PAC- P wave is upright
PJC- P wave is inverted or nonexistent
Both come early

39
Q

What is the same as a PJC, but occurs late?

A

Junctional Escape Beat

40
Q

Junctional Rhythm

A

40-60, regular

- if visible, P wave will be inverted in leads II, III, and aVF

41
Q

1st Degree AV Block

A
  • Atrial & Ventricular rates= regular, depends on underlying rhythm
  • Regular, normal size/shape of P’s
  • PR delay >0.20, QRS narrow
42
Q

2nd Degree AV Block, Type 1

A
  • Atrial rate is greater than ventricular
  • Atrial regular/Ventricular irregular
  • P waves normal but not all followed by QRS
  • PR interval delayed and gets longer until P is not followed by QRS
43
Q

2nd Degree AV Block, Type II

A
  • Atrial rate greater than ventricular rate, ventricular rate is slow
  • Atrial regular/ Ventricular irregular
  • P waves normal but not all followed by QRS
  • PR interval normal or slight delay
  • QRS wide or non present at times
44
Q

3rd Degree AV Block

A
  • Atrial rate > Ventricular rate
  • Atrial regular, ventricular regular, no relationship between them
  • P waves normal
  • No true PR interval
  • QRS narrow or wide
45
Q

Which lead is best for viewing bundle branch blocks?

A

V1

Cardiology/ACLS (4 decks)

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