Chromosome changes

Question 1

What causes duplications and deletions?

Answer 1

Non-allelic homologous recombination, often with repeated sequences that look alike, so the homologous chromosomes line up wrong

Question 2

What happens to the chromosome structure when a duplication or a deletion occurs?

Answer 2

Creates an unbalanced structural change between homologous chromosomes

Question 3

What is an inversion?

Answer 3

Sections of the chromosome get flipped around

Question 4

What is a pericentric inversion?

Answer 4

An inversion that involves the centromere

Question 5

What is a paracentric inversion?

Answer 5

An inversion that doesn’t involve the centromere

Question 6

What causes inversions?

Answer 6

During replication, the double strand gets broken and DNA ligase ends up fusing the wrong ends together

Question 7

What is the advantage of having more chromosomes and polyploidy?

Answer 7

Larger organisms that are usually sterile and don’t reproduce uncontrollably. Useful in agriculture