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Health & Science > 7.4 Skeletal System > Flashcards

7.4 Skeletal System Flashcards

0
Q

⭐Axial skeleton

A

Forms the trunk of the body, includes skull vertebrae ribs and sternum

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1
Q

⭐Appendicular skeleton

A

Forms the extremities; includes shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle and leg bones.

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2
Q

⭐Carpals

A

Bones that form the hand; does not include the metacarpals or phalanges

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3
Q

⭐Clavicles

A

“Collarbone”; easiest bone in the body to break; between the manubrium of the sternum and the edge of the scapula.

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5
Q

⭐Cranium

A

Spherical structure surrounds and protects

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6
Q
A

The long shaft of a long bone ex.femur contains the medullary canal

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7
Q
A

In long bones is the unreal membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact.

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8
Q
A

Two on each long bone at the ends are the proximal epiphyses distal epiphyses

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9
Q

⭐Femur

A

Largest bone in the body bone of the “thigh”.

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10
Q

⭐Fibula

A

The fine, slender bone of the lower leg, attaches to the proximal end of the tibia.

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11
Q
A

“soft spots” on the infant skull; spaces which allow for bone growth/skull enlargement.

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12
Q

Foramina

A

Small “hole”/ opening in bones; allow blood vessels and nerves to pass through the bone layers.

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13
Q

⭐Humerus

A

The bone of the upper arm.

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14
Q
A

Area at which two bones come together; typically joined by strong, fibrous bands of ligaments; surfaces of two bones often covered with articular cartilage; 3 main types.

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15
Q
A

Connective tissue bands that holds Long bones Together at joints three types) diarthrosis/synovial (b) amphiathrosis (c) synarthrosis.

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16
Q
A

a cavity in the diaphysis shaft of a long

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17
Q

⭐Metatarsals

A

Five bones that from the instep of the foot.

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18
Q

⭐Metacarpals

A

Five bones that form the palm of the hand,

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20
Q

⭐Ox coxae

A

Two coxal/hip bones) which join with the sacrum at the dorsal back of the body.

21
Q

⭐Patella

A

Kneecap

23
Q
A

Outside of the bone; covered with tough membrane; contains bone vessels, lymph vessels and osteoblasts (from new cells).

24
Q
A

From the thumb and fingers: 3 per finger: 2 per thumb

25
Q

⭐Radius

A

Bone of the forearm/ lower arm on the thumb side; rotates around the ulna to allow the hand to turn freely.

26
Q
A

Found in the vertebrae, ribs, sternum and cranium, proximal ends/ ephysis of human and femun produces red blood cells(RBCs/erythrocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and some white blood cells (WBCs, aleukocytes).

28
Q
A

3 types: true ribs(attached to sternum in front); flalse ribs (attached at base of sternum with cartilage); floating ribs (do not attach to strernum; protect kidneys).

29
Q

⭐Scapula

A

2 shoulder bones; provide attachment for the arms; clavicle and rest atop front of a scapula.

30
Q
A

Air spaces inside the skull lined with membranes

31
Q

⭐Skeletal system

A

206 bones.

32
Q

⭐Sternum

A

Breastbone; 3 parts manubrium at top; body of the sternum in center (used in CPR); xiphoid process (triangular,body projection) at the distal end.

33
Q

⭐Vertebrae-

A

26 bones of the back/ axial skeleton that protect the spinal cord; 7 cervical (neck); 12 thoracic (chest); 5 lumber (lower back).

34
Q
A

Unique joints found only in the skull; have no cartilage.

35
Q

⭐Tarsals

A

7 bones of the ankle and heel.

36
Q

⭐Ulna

A

Lower arm/ forearm bone with “olercanon process”= true “funny bone” of the elbow.

37
Q
A

Soft tissue in the diaphysis of the long bones.

38
Q
A

Slightly movable joint;m ex. attachments of the ribs to thoracic vertebrae

39
Q
A

2 types: rheumatoid and osteoarthritis- both inflame the joints and destroy joint tissue over time

40
Q

Fractures

A

.

41
Q
A

Inflammation of the bursae (small, fluid-filled sacs surrounding the joints).

42
Q
A

When a bone is forcibly displaced from the joint.

43
Q
A

(See chapter/ handout for types) p 162: green stick closed, Open/ Compound, Impacted

44
Q
A

Immovable; ex., suture joints of the cranium.

45
Q

⭐Tibia

A

Thick, though weight bearing bone of the lower leg; “shin” bone.

46
Q
A

Twisting action that tears a ligament (s) at a joint ex., ankle.

47
Q
A

Bone inflammation caused by a pathogenic organism usually a bacteria- treated with antibiotics.

48
Q
A

Increased porosity/ softening of bone predominantly in slender, fair- skinned females; can occur

58
Q
A

Free removable joints; ex. ball joints & socket joints of hip and shoulder; hinge joins of elbow and knee.

Health & Science (5 decks)

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