67 Flashcards

1
Q

pathways within brain

A

p. septalis of the rhinencephalon
- commisural fibers
trasverse pathway (corpus callosum)
forceps minor - btw frontal lobes
forceps major - btw occipital lobes

associated pathways btw gyruses

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2
Q

ascending pathways - what are they and name the 5

A
sensory pathways (afferent) recieving info from the body and processing the information in different parts of the brain
- tracts are WHITE matter!
  1. tractus spinocorticalis
  2. tractus spinocerebellaris
  3. tractus spinoolivarius
  4. tractus spinothalamus
  5. tractus spinotectalis
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3
Q

tractus spinocorticalis

A

funiculus dorsalis: fasiculus gracilis(HL: sacral and lumbar part) and fas cuneatus(FL: cervical and thoracic part)

they both recieve info from their limb, and send it to cerebellum -> primary sensory cortex(post central gyrus) to be processed

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4
Q

tractus spinocerebellaris

A

lateral on funiculus lateralis - dors and ventral part

movement of limbs –>primary sensory cortex(post central gyrus)

  • epicritical sensory function; hands
  • eq have lips for this function instead of hands
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5
Q

tractus spinoolivarius

A

ventromed to tr. spinothalamus
–> nucl olivarius –> cerebellum(PSC)

coordination

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6
Q

tractus spinothalamus

A

under cornu ventrale of spinal chord
thalamus -> PSC

sensory function of skin, noctius stimuli, pain -> contious sensory system

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7
Q

tractus spinotectalis

A

ventrolat to tr. spinothalamus

to tectum mesencephali (midbrain)
- info from tendons, muscles -> develop eye-hand coordination (cat very fast)

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8
Q

descending pathways - what are they and name them

A
autonomic, from MO to glands, intestines etc: S+PS
ex size of lumen of blood vessel; smooth muscle
- two systems
PYRAMIDAL SYSTEM
 - tr. corticospinalis
EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYSTEM
- tr. vestibulospinalis
- tr. tectospinalis
- tr. reticulospinalis
- tr. rubraspinalis
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9
Q

Pyrmidal system; tr. corticospinalis

A

Lateral and Ventral part (corr to the funiculus of spinal chord)
primary motor cortex(precentral gyrus) -> capsula int -> pedunculus cerebri -> tr. pyrimidalis

lateral: crossing fibers - mm of limbs
- 50% to FL(pl. brachialis)
- 20% btw FL/HL
- 30% to HL(pl. lumbosacralis)

Ventral: non-crossing fibers - mm. of vertebral column
- may cros at end

more lateral - better movement - high in cat!

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10
Q

extrapyramidal system; tr. vestibulospinalis

A

ventral in funiculus ventrale

nucl vest lat+med in area vest. in fossa rhomboidea -> tractus vestibulospinalis

  • orientation and posture
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11
Q

extrapyramidal system; tr. tectospinalis

A

in lateral and ventral funiculus (lat and ventr part)

from caud(aud) and rostr(vis) colliculi of the tectum mesencephalon

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12
Q

extrapyramidal system; tr. reticulospinalis

A

in lateral and ventral funiculus (lat and ventr part)
- from formatio reticularis (interconnected nuclei spread throughout brainstem)

trigger resp mm. (ex in water, above water)
“inhibited” during anasteshia

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13
Q

extrapyramidal system; tr. rubraspinalis

A
  • in lateral funiculus
  • from nucl. ruber

unconsious movement such as swimming, running, jumping etc

  • movement pattern reflexes, ex babies know how to swim, but forget later and must learn again as anopther part of the brain take over - reflex gone
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