introduction to pathology

Question 1

what is the definition of pathology?

Answer 1

→ It is the study of suffering/diseases.

Question 2

what does it study?

Answer 2

→ underlying causes of diseases (“aetiology”)
→mechanisms that result in signs and symptoms of the patient (“pathogenesis”)
→morphological changes, so the structural alteration induced in the cell and organs of the body

Question 3

what are the four main subdivisions of pathology?

Answer 3

→CLINICAL PATHOLOGY: this includes haematology, microbiology, immunology, toxicology, chemical pathology and genetics

→ ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY: this includes histopathology (diseased tissue study) and cytopathology (study/diagnose at cellular level)

→ FORENSIC PATHOLOGY AND AUTOPSY

→ EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY

Question 4

what are some techniques used in pathology?

Answer 4

→light microscopy
→ immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence 
→electron microscopy 
→senology 
→ flow cytometry 
→needle biopsy 
→ endoscopic biopsy 
→incisional biopsy 
→ exfoliate cytology 
→fluid cytology