Week 5- beyone phonemes

Question 1

What does the term syllable refer to?

Answer 1

the rhythmic properties of a word

Question 2

How do we represent syllables in our transcription?

Answer 2

by using . as a boundary marker /sɪ.lə.bəl.strʊ.ktʃə/

Question 3

What is syllabification?

Answer 3

the process of allotting segmental (= phonemes) information to syllable

Question 4

What is sonority?

Answer 4

the degree of airflow obstruction and voicing that occurs during phonation

Question 5

What do C and V stand for?

Answer 5

Consonant, vowel

Question 6

What is the onset?

Answer 6

any consonants preceding the vowel

Question 7

What is the coda?

Answer 7

are any consonants following the nucleus

Question 8

What is the nucleus?

Answer 8

a vowel (the exceptions are syllabic consonants)

Question 9

What is the maximal onset principal?

Answer 9

within a given consonant cluster that may be syllabified m more than one way, the consonants will be assigned maximally to the onset of the following syllable rather than to the preceding rhyme position

Question 10

What is the structure of light syllables?

Answer 10

syllable with the form CV

Question 11

What is the structure of heavy syllables?

Answer 11

anything other than CV

eg: CVV, CVC, CVVC

Question 12

What do syllable structure representations tell us?

Answer 12

How many phonemes (timing) • What kind of phonemes (C or V) • Relationships between them

Question 13

What is graphology?

Answer 13

The study of systems of written symbols in their relation to spoken languages

Question 14

What is a grapheme?

Answer 14

smallest contrastive unit in written language capable of changing meaning

Question 15

What is logographic writing?

Answer 15

where the graphemes represent words. eg: Chinese

Question 16

What is alphabetic writing?

Answer 16

symbols represent consonants and vowels e.g.

Roman alphabet

Question 17

What is an abjad writing system?

Answer 17

a type of writing system where each symbol stands for a consonant, leaving the reader to supply the appropriate vowel. eg: Arabic

Question 18

What is a syllabic writing system?

Answer 18

A phonographic writing system in which each symbol represents roughly one syllable of the language. eg: Cherokee

Question 19

What is a constituent?

Answer 19

a constituent is a word or a group of words that functions as a single unit within a hierarchical structure.

Question 20

What is primary stress?

Answer 20

the loudest syllable in the word. In one-syllable words, that one syllable has the primary stress (except for a handful of short function words like the, which might not have any stress at all). Primary stress is marked in IPA by putting a raised vertical line [ˈ’] at the beginning of the syllable.

Question 21

What is secondary stress?

Answer 21

syllables which aren’t completely unstressed, but aren’t as loud as the primary stress. Secondary stress is marked with a lowered vertical line [ˌ,] at the beginning of the syllable.

Question 22

syllabary writing system

Answer 22

A syllabary is a phonetic writing system consisting of symbols representing syllables. A syllable is often made up of a consonant plus a vowel or a single vowel.
eg: inikitut

Question 23

semanto-phonetic writing system

Answer 23

symbols resemble meaning and also represent

sound e.g. Chinese