Metabolism Intro

Question 1

what is the definition of metabolism

Answer 1

The sum of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which its material substance is produced, maintained, and destroyed, and by which energy is made available

Question 2

what is the property of living things that differentiates them from nonliving matter

Answer 2

they create and maintain order, in a universe that is tending always to greater disorder = entropy

Question 3

where does the energy on the planet come from

Answer 3

• The sun – the major source of energy for organism
• Bacteria
• Volcanos

Question 4

what are the producers

Answer 4

• Plant
• Algae
• Cyanobacteria

Question 5

what do the producers do

Answer 5

These are the producers, they use energy from the sun, water and carbon dioxide and make glucose and release oxygen

Question 6

what do organisms higher up the food chain that are not producers do

Answer 6

Digest the energy rich molecule by enzymes and turn this into energy, carbon dioxide and water

1. Breakfood down into the pieces that wee need to break down into lipids, amino acids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids
2. This is used to maintain order and reassemble
3. This makes waste

Question 7

what are 3 elements to a doctor that is essential as an assessment tool

Answer 7

• Blood
• Urine
• Faeces

Question 8

what is food

Answer 8

• Food is a biofuel used by organisms to acquire energy for internal living processes

Question 9

what is mass

Answer 9

concentrated energy

Question 10

what are complex organic food molecules a source of

Answer 10

• Complex organic food molecules such as sugars, fats and proteins are rich sources of energy for cells because much of the energy used to form these molecules are stored within the chemical bonds that hold them together

Question 11

what do organisms do to food

Answer 11

• Rather than burning all their energy in one large reaction cells release the energy stored in their food molecules through a series of oxidation reactions
• Cells do not use enrgy from oxidation reactions as soon as it is released, they instead convert it to small energy rich molecules such as ATP and NADH

Question 12

what are enzymes

Answer 12

• Proteins used in chemical energy to catalyse or accelerate chemical reactions within the cell that would otherwise proceed slowly, enzymes lower the energy barrier required for the reaction to begin

Question 13

what makes enzymes good for targeted therapies

Answer 13

• can be activated or inhibited and replaced if missing

- enzymes measured in the blood are essential readouts of metabolic perturbations