Lumbar Spine and Trunk Flashcards

1
Q

Test myotome of L2

A

hip flexion

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2
Q

Test myotome of L3

A

knee extension

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3
Q

Test myotome of L4

A

dorsiflexion and inverion

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4
Q

Test myotome of L5

A

big toe extension

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5
Q

Test myotome of S1

A

eversion

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6
Q

Test myotome of S2

A

plantarflexion

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7
Q

Test dermatome of L2

A

to half way down thigh - centrally and laterally

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8
Q

Test dermatome of L3

A

knee and medial lower thigh

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9
Q

Test dermatome of L4

A

medial lower leg and big toe

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10
Q

Test dermatome of L5

A

lateral lower leg and middle 3 toes

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11
Q

Test dermatome of S1

A

sole of foot from 5th toe, and heel/achilles

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12
Q

Test dermatome of S2

A

posterior middle thigh and posterior middle upper calf

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13
Q

Three things suggesting positive reflex test?

A

total absence
reduced reflex
increased reflex

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14
Q

positive clonus test sign and meaning

A

tests for UMN legion

jerking movement as return to neutral

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15
Q

positive babinski reflex sign and meaning

A

1st toe extends and toes fan out - normally toes flex to protect sole of foot

tests for UMN legion

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16
Q

Attachments of Rectus Abdominus

A
  • Origin: Anterior surface of symphysis pubis & pubic crest.
  • Insertion: Xiphoid process & Costal cartilage of ribs 5, 6 & 7.
17
Q

Attachments of extenal oblique

A
  • Origin: Outer borders of lower 8 ribs & their costal cartilages
  • Insertion: Outer lip of anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, linea Alba via aponeurosis & pubic tubercle.
18
Q

Attachments of internal oblique

A
  • Origin: Lateral 2/3 inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 iliac crest & thoracolumbar fascia.
  • Insertion: Inferior border lower 4 ribs, linea Alba via aponeurosis & pubic crest via conjoint tendon with transversus abdominus.
19
Q

Attachment of Erector Spinae - Illiocostalis lumborum

A

Spinous processes & supraspinous ligaments T11-5, posterior sacral crests, sacrotuberous ligament & posterior iliac crest.

Inserts by slips into the inferior borders of lower 6 ribs.

20
Q

What is the compression test?

A

Patient side lying - push downwards over iliac crest - compresses both SIJ

positive test - pain

21
Q

What is the Distraction Test?

A

Heels on ASIS - push down and inwards

positive test - pain

22
Q

What is the Thigh Thrust Test?

A

ASK CONSENT

patient close to edge of bed
flex far leg - support in axilla
palm down under far leg buttock
downwards pressure on the femur

test both sides

positive - pain on SIJ on flexed side

23
Q

What is the Gaenslens test?

A

Ask them to hold their knee flexed on opposite side to you

lower other leg off plinth
apply down pressure to knee off the plinth

Positive test - pain

24
Q

what forces are placed on the SIJ on the Gaeslens test?

A

posterior rotation force of the (R) ilium at the (R) SIJ and an anterior
rotation force of the (L) ilium at the (L) SIJ.

(if L leg is lowered off plinth)

25
Q

Nerve supply to: External oblique

A

Lower 6 Thoracic & 1st Lumbar Nerves

26
Q

Nerve supply to: internal oblique

A

Lower 6 Thoracic & 1st Lumbar Nerves

27
Q

Nerve supply to: rectus femoris

A

Lower 6 Thoracic Nerves

28
Q

Nerve supply to: erector spinae

A

Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (T7 to L3)