MBB 438 Lecture 1 Flashcards
What does it mean when a condition or disease is termed genetic?
N/A
What does personalized medicine offer?
Get DNA sequence specific to ur disease/tumor and they design the therapy to match ur genome. Another patient w/similar cancer but diff mutation will get diff treatment. Traditionally the cocktail of chemotherapy drugs were not personalized.
The proper execution of what processes are essential for the correct passing on of the genetic material
chromosome structure and behaviour, mitosis and meiosis
Why is the most common representation of chromosomes (as Xs) is actually quite misleading
- because it represents a very transient state - that of condensed, replicated molecules
- For most of the cell cycle they are SINGLE CHROMATIDS made up of one double helix that is very EXTENDED, and this allows GENE EXPRESSION to occur (Tightly packed chromatids have little gene expression)
Most human cells (somatic) are diploid (2n, 2C) and derived from the repeated _______ cell divisions (cell cycle) of the zygote
Most human cells (somatic) are diploid (2n, 2C) and derived from the repeated MITOTIC cell divisions (cell cycle) of the zygote
Only sperm and egg cells are haploid (n) and derived from germline cells undergoing ______ to produce gametes
Only sperm and egg cells are haploid (n) and derived from germline cells undergoing MEIOSIS to produce gametes
What is a tetrad?
Refers to the stage when the 4 sister chromatids are paired at the metaphase plate of meiosis I
Meiosis contributes to the genetic diversity of gametes in what 2 major ways
- Crossing over during meiosis prophase I
3. Independent assortment during meitotic division
Independent assortment of maternal and paternal homologs during meiosis I gives ________ possible combinations (not including recombination!)
2^23 (8,388,608)
_____ has more genes than human.
Grapes
____ have more chromosomes than humans.
Dogs
Distribution of human genes
- Protein-coding genes
- Long ncRNA genes
- Short ncRNA genes
