Self-determination theory Flashcards
What are motivational theories most concerned with?
Quantity of motivation, and the effort and persistence
What are the two types of motivation?
Intrinsic and extrinsic
What is intrinsic motivation?
To perform or take part in activity for its own sake, for pure enjoyment; is maximised in contexts that allow psychological needs to be satisfied
What is extrinsic motivation?
To perform or take part in activity as a means to be satisfied; e.g. to win a trophy, or because parents make you
What are the three psychological needs?
Competence, autonomy, and relatedness (striving to relate to and care for others)
What was the best type of reward in the meta-analysis?
Verbal reward
What are the two aspects of rewards?
Informational (related to need for competence) and controlling (related to need for autonomy/ self-determination)
What is the order of the self-determination continuum?
External –> introjected –> identified –> intrinsic (non self-determined motivation —-> self-determined motivation)
What is external regulation?
Behaviour controlled by external factors; e.g. rewards, fear of punishment, and coercion
What is introjected regulation?
Person takes in value but does not accept it as their own; internal pressures to act (avoidance of guilt/shame)
What is identified regulation?
Behaviour emanates from the self; person accepts responsibility for doing the activity
How are the theories related?
Social environment –> psychological needs –> motivation types –> outcomes
What do autonomy-supportive coaching behaviours provide?
Opportunities for choice; non-controlling competence feedback; meaningful rationale; acknowledge others’ feelings and perspectives
What are examples of positive outcomes?
Enjoyment, satisfaction; well-being, engagement; effort, persistence; pro-social behaviour, sportsmanship attitudes; performance
What are examples of negative outcomes?
Emotional exhaustion; negative emotions; burnout/ drop out; anti-social beahviour
