Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology II Exam 2 (Lauren) > Antarrhythmics > Flashcards

Antarrhythmics Flashcards

1
Q

All antiarrhythmics can precipitate _______

A

Lethal arrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All class I drugs do what

A

Block sodium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which sodium channels do Class IA drugs block?

Effect on refractory period and action potential?

A

Open and activated Na+ channels

AP lengthened
RP lengthened

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which sodium channels are blocked by Class IB Drugs?

Effect on action potential and refractory period?

A

Inactivated Na+ channels

Shorten AP

Shorten RP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which sodium channels are blocked by class I C drugs?

Effect on refractory period and Action potentiak?>

A

ALL sodium channels

No effect on AP

No effect on RP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 2 class IA drugs

A

Quinidine

Procainamide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which drug is class IB drug

A

Lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What drug is class I C

A

Flecainide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the MOA of Class II drugs

A

Reduce adrenergic activity on the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which drugs are class II

A

Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the MOA of Class III drugs?

Effect on action potential?

Effect on refractory period?

A

Blocks K+ channels

AP lengthened**

No effect on RP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drugs are Class III

A

Amiodarone

Sotalol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the MOA of Class IV drugs

A

Calcium channel blockers: decrease HR and contractility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which drugs are Class IV

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

(Non-dihydropyridine CCBs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do you treat Torsades

A

Magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drug is the “broad spectrum” antiarrhtyhmic because it treats supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias

A

Quinidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the adverse effects of quinidine

A

Cardiac toxicity: SA block, AV block, ventricular arrhythmia

Blocks alpha receptors= hypotension and reflex tachycardia

Paradoxical tachycardia

Torsade de pointes

Diarrhea** big deal!

Cinchonism: hearing loss, angioedema vertigo, tinnitus, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Any drug that _______________ has the potential to cause Torsade de pointes

A

Prolongs QT interval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the adverse effect of Procainamide?

A

Drug induced Lupus in slow acetylators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the MOA of lidocaine

A

Blocks ~inactivated~ Na+ channels

=preferentially affects damaged tissue= more receptors are inactivated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the DOC for acute VENTRICULAR arrhythmias?

A

Lidocaine****

If you see VENTRICULAR arrhythmia on a question the answer is lidocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the main adverse effect of lidocaine

A

Seizures/convulsions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the MOA of Flecainide?

A

Strongly blocks all Na+ channels

No effect on ERP due to indiscriminate binding to ALL Na channels

24
Q

Which antiarrhytmic is a last ditch effort drug

A

Flecainide

25
Q

What is the adverse effect of flecainide

A

STRONG pro-arrhythmic effect

26
Q

What is Esmolol used for?

A

Emergency treatment (Short half life, IV only)

27
Q

Are acebutolol and esmolol non-specific B blockers?

A

No, B1 only

28
Q

What is the MOA of amiodarone

A

Blocks K+ channels

Extends length of AP*****!!!

Other mechanisms:
Blocks Na+ channels (Class I)

B blocker (Class II)

CCB effect (Class IV)

Alpha blocker

29
Q

What kind of arrhythmias can be treated with Amiodarone

A

Supraventricular

Ventricular

30
Q

What is the DOC for supraventricular arrhythmias

A

Amiodarone

31
Q

Amiodarone prolongs QT. Can it cause torsades?

A

No!!**

32
Q

What drug can cause pulmonary fibrosis after a long term high dose?

A

Amiodarone*****

This is probably a test q

(Ground glass appearance)

33
Q

What are the adverse effects of amiodarone

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

Turns cornea yellowish-brown and skin turns grayish blue

Thyroid dysfunction (iodine derivative)

34
Q

What is the MOA of Sotalol

A

K+ blocker= prolongs AP

Non selective Beta blocker**

35
Q

What kind of arrhythmia can be treated with Sotalol

A

Ventricular

Supraventricular

36
Q

Who can NOT be given Sotalol

A

Asthmatics!** NON SPECIFIC B-BLOCKER WITH K+ CHANNEL BLOCKING PROPERTIES

37
Q

What are the adverse effects of Sotalol

A

Torsades

B-receptor blockade= not for asthmatics

38
Q

What kind of arrhythmias are treated with verapamil and diltiazem

A

Reentrant SUPRAventricular tachycardia ***

PSVT

AFib and flutter

39
Q

What part of the heart is affected the most by CCBs

A

atria!!

NOT THE VENTRICLES

40
Q

What is the order of treatment for Acute PSVT

A
  1. Adenosine
  2. Esmolol
  3. CCBs (via IV!)
41
Q

What is the order of treatment for chronic PSVT?

A

B-Blockers (oral)

CCBs (oral)

42
Q

What is the DOC for acute PSVT and WPW syndromes

A

Adenosine

43
Q

What is the MOA of adenosine

A

Enhanced K+ conductance and inhibition of Calcium influx=

Hyperpolarized everything and resets the heart!*

44
Q

What is the half life of adenosine

A

10 seconds

Stops the heart for 10 seconds!

45
Q

Adenosine is only effective for _________arrhythmias

A

Reentry

Most PSVTs are

46
Q

What is the MOA of magnesium

A

Unknown

47
Q

What is IV magnesium used for

A

Torsade de Pointes*****

Digitalis induced arrhythmias

48
Q

Anything that increases action potential duration will also increase ________

A

QT interval

49
Q

Anything that increases QT interval has a chance of causing ____________ except for _________

A

Torsade de pointes

Amiodarone

50
Q

Route of administration for lidocaine, adenosine and mangneisum?

A

IV only…. used only in acute therapy

51
Q

The stronger or broader a drug is in its effects, the more potential for causing ____________

A

Arrhythmias

Lidocaine vs flecainide for example

52
Q

Class IV can only be used for (ventricular/supraventricular)

A

Supraventricular

53
Q

Class 1B can only be used for (supraventricular/ventricular)

A

Ventricular

54
Q

Why are Class IV only effective in supraventricular arrhythmias

A

Because thats where Calcium is important for rate

55
Q

Why does class 1B (Lidocaine) only work for ventricular arrhythmias?

A

Thats the only place where there is a plateau phase where the “window” current is functioning

Pharmacology II Exam 2 (Lauren) (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions