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uworld > biochem1 > Flashcards

biochem1 Flashcards

1
Q

inheritance of classic galactosemia

A

autosomal recessive

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2
Q

inheritance of rett syndrome

A

x linked dominant disorder

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3
Q

chromosomal posistion determined by

A

FISH

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4
Q

a2delta 2

A

hba2

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5
Q

cytochrome oxdiase

A

final component of etc and fucntions to convert molecular oxygen to water

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6
Q

enzymes for PPP reside in the

A

cytosol

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7
Q

counterregulatroy hormones

A

glucagon
epinepherine
cortisol and GH (alter trancirpitoin of many genes to conesrve glucose)

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8
Q

REDUCING SUGARS

A

GLUCOSE
galactose f
fructose

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9
Q

monocistrionic

A

eukaryotic

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10
Q

lac operon regulated by 2 distinct mechanisms

A

negatively by binding of repressor protein to operator locus and positively by camp-cap binding upstrream from promoter region

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11
Q

lac operon positively reguatled by cap to site slightly upstream from promoter region; only occurs when camp is

A

high. thus since glucose decreases activaty of adenyl cyclase (reducing intracellular camp), the lac operon is repressed in high glucose conditiosn

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12
Q

4 cal per gram of

A

protein or cargb

9 cal per gram of ffat

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13
Q

acute GI hemorrageh caues what tyep of loss of ecf volume

A

isotonic

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14
Q

myoglobin has a much higher affinity of oxygen than hemoglboin

A

true

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15
Q

lactose breaks into

A

galactose + glucsoe

maltose = 2 glucose

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16
Q

in fructokinase defincieync, what takes over role of metabolizign fructose

A

hexokinase

(converts fructose to fructose 6 phosphate

17
Q

ristocetin cofactor assay measures in vitro vwf dependent platelet agglutination

ristocetin activates GP Ib receptors on platelts and makes them available for vwf binding; when

A

true

18
Q

when normal plasma that contains is added, why does appropatei platelet agglutinator occur

A

seen in vwf.

bc normal plasma contains vwf

19
Q

geneetic code is considered degenerate which means

A

more than 1 codon can code for a partiuclar amino acid

20
Q

why does excessive raw egg white consumption lead to biotin deficieicy

A

due to high levels of biotin binding avidin in egg white

21
Q

rubber like properties of elastin due to

A

high content of nonpolar amino acids and extenssive cross linking between elastin monomers faicliated by lysyl oxidase.

22
Q

induce posttranscirptional gene silencing by base pairing with complmementary sequences within target mrna molecules

A

short non coding rna sequences (micro rna and small intefering RNA)

23
Q

erythrocytes can bypass glycolytic pathway by

A

bisphosphoglycerate mutatse

converts 1,3bpg to 2,3 bpg in a step that produces no ATP

24
Q

cyandie inhibits

A

cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria used as an ETC enzyme essential for ox phosphroylation

25
Q

homeobox genes encode

A

dna binding trasncirption factors that play an imortant role in segmental organization of embryo along cranio caudal axis

26
Q

ketone bodies cannot be used to synthesize

A

glucose

27
Q

reversibly binds hemogblion

A

CO

28
Q

red pulp in spleen removeal

A

damaged RBCs

unqdergo hyperplasia in pyruvate kinase deficiiency

29
Q

measure amount of protein in body fluids

A

ELISA

30
Q

progeny contains genetic material from both viruses

A

reassormtent

segmented viruses

31
Q

sickling occurs with high levels of

A

2, 3 bpg

32
Q

brown pigment gllstones formed by

A

composed of calciulm salts of ucb and arise secondary to bacterial or helminithic infection

releaseBETA-GLUCURONIDASE ; hydrolyzes bilirubin glucuronides to ucb

33
Q

ammonia level in methylmalonic acdiemia

A

high

organic acids directly inhibt urea cycle leading to hyperammonenima

uworld (14 decks)

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