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Bio 153 > Lab 2: Cardiovascular Anatomy > Flashcards

Lab 2: Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What does the term auricle mean?

A

-atria

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2
Q

What is the coronary sulcus?

A

-right coronary artery sits here; separates r. atrium and l. ventricle

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3
Q

What is the interventricular sulcus?

A

-separates right and left ventricles

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4
Q

Left and right coronary arteries

A

-arise from aorta and provide oxygenated blood to the heart tissue

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5
Q

When the coronary artery is blocked..

A

-the supply of oxygen is completely blocked so the heart muscle and tissue supplied by that artery start to die

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6
Q

Right atrium

A

-receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and from coronary sinus

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7
Q

Tricuspid valve

A
  • has three cusps

- separates the r. atrium and ventricle to prevent back flow into the artia

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8
Q

Pulmonary trunk

A
  • branches left and right

- pulmonary artery –> lungs

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9
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

-carry deoxygenated blood

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10
Q

Left atrium

A

-orfices (usually 4) of pulmonary veins

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11
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

-carry oxygenated blood

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12
Q

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

A
  • 2 cusps
  • separates the L. atrium and ventricle
  • prevents back flow into atrium
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13
Q

Why is the left ventricle thicker than the right?

A

-needs to propel blood away (far distance) from the heart to the rest of the body

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14
Q

Aorta

A

-sends blood out to the rest of the body

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15
Q

Aortic semilunar valve

A

-prevents back flow

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16
Q

Chordae tendinae and papillary muscles

A

-anchors the valves while heart is pumping, prevents collapsing

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17
Q

Arteries

A
  • carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

* *pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood

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18
Q

Veins

A

-return deoxygenated blood back to the heart after the arteries carry the blood out

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19
Q

Capillaries

A

-bring nutrients and oxygen to tissues and remove waste products

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20
Q

Which blood vessel has valves?

A

-veins

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21
Q

Which BV has a thick tunica media?

A

-arteries

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22
Q

Which BV is the most elastic?

A

-arteries

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23
Q

Which tunic plays a role in BP regulation?

A

-tunica media

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24
Q

Which tunic provides a supporting and protective coat?

A

-tunica externa

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25
Q

Which tunic consists of one layer of cells?

A

-tunica interna

26
Q

What BV consists of endothelium only?

A

-arterioles

27
Q

What tissue forms the tunica media?

A

-smooth muscle

28
Q

What tissue forms the endothelium?

A

-simple squamous

29
Q

What tissue forms the tunica externa?

A

-collagen, elastic fibers

30
Q

Three branches of the aortic arch?

A
  1. Brachiocephalic
  2. Left common carotid
  3. Left subclavian
31
Q

Brachiocephalic artery

A

-splits off the following branches –>
right subclavian artery - to right upper chest and limbs
right common carotid artery - to right side of brain and head

32
Q

Left common carotid artery

A

-to left side of head and brain

33
Q

Left subclavian artery

A

-to left upper chest and limbs

34
Q

First BV to receive blood from aorta?

A

-coronary arteries

35
Q

Right and left common carotid arteries branch to form?

A
  • internal carotid artery - to brain via Circle of Willis

- external carotid artery - to face and scalp

36
Q

Right and left vertebral arteries

A

-branch off the right and left subclavian arteries, travel up the neck in transverse formina of cervical vertebrae to anterior brainstem and fuse to form basilar artery and Circle of Willis

37
Q

Basilar artery

A
  • supplies the brainstem and then enters the Circle of Willis
38
Q

Circle of Willis

A
  • cerebral arterial circle
  • an arterial ring that circles around the pituitary gland
  • gives rise to the anterior, posterior, and middle cerebral arteries which supply the brain
39
Q

Deep veins

A

-typically travel alongside an artery of the same name

40
Q

Superficial veins

A
  • considerably betweeen individuals and even between left and right side of the same individual
  • branch and join deep veins
41
Q

Venous sinus

A
  • eg. the coronary eg. dura mater

- there are several sinuses providing quick drainage of the brain

42
Q

Upper limb arteries

A
  • thoracic
  • axillary
  • brachial
  • subclavian
  • thoracoacromial
  • subscapular
  • circumflex humeral
  • deep brachial
  • radial
  • ulnar
43
Q

Lower limb arteries

A
  • common illiac
  • external illiac
  • internal illiac
  • superior/inferior gluteal
  • obturator
  • femoral
  • popliteal
  • poterior tibial
  • anterior tibial
  • dorsalis pedis
  • peroneal
  • medial and laternal plantar
44
Q

Arteries of thoracic and abdominal cavities

A
  • ascending aorta
  • aortic arch
  • descending aorta
  • thoracic aorta
  • intercostal
  • bronchial
  • abdominal
  • celiac - splenic - common hepatic
  • inferior/superior mesenteric
  • right and left renal
  • right and left illiac
45
Q

Head and neck veins

A
  • dural sinuses
  • right and left internal/external jugular
  • right and left brachiocephalic
  • right and left subclavian
  • right and left vertebral veins
46
Q

Upper limb veins

A

-brachiocephalic
-subclavian
axillary
-brachial
-ulnar
-radial
-basilic
-medican cubital
-median antebrachial
-cephalic

47
Q

Lower limb veins

A
  • common iliac
  • external iliac
  • femoral
  • popliteal
  • posterior/anterior tibial
  • fibular
  • small/great saphenous
48
Q

Great saphenous vein

A
  • poorly supported by surrounding tissues and is more likely to weaken and become varicose
  • most commonly harvested for use in the coronary bypass operations
49
Q

Thoracic and abdominal cavity veins

A

-hemiazygos
-azygos
intercostal
right and left hepatic
-coronary sinus
-hepatic portal veins
-splenic
-superior/inferior mesenteric

50
Q

Systemic circuit

A

-returns blood from the venous non-digestive organs and tissues of the body via inferior and superior vena cava

51
Q

Hepatic portal system

A
  • routes blood from the capillary beds of the stomach, spleen, pancreas, and intestines to the liver where it passes through a second capillary bed for processing of materials picked up in the digestive tract
  • processes blood is then passed through the hepatic veins to the inferior vena cava
52
Q

Where does the coronary artery originate from?

A

-the base of the aorta

53
Q

Where does the coronary sinus delver deox. blood to?

A

-the right atrium

54
Q

Brain receives blood from…

A
  • internal carotid artery

- vertebral artery

55
Q

The vertebral arteries pass through…

A

-the cervical vertebrae

56
Q

What does the Circle of Willis encircle?

A

-the pituitary gland

57
Q

CVA

A

-cerebralvascular accident –> stroke

58
Q

Middle cerebral artery (CVA)

A

-common site for a stroke –> turbulent blood flow (blood more likely to clot)

59
Q

Hemorrhagic stroke

A

-brain bleed

60
Q

Thrombotic stroke

A

-blood clot – causes stroke

Bio 153 (4 decks)

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