Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
What are the long, intermediate, and short acting Benzodiazepine?
A
Long-Acting (1-3days)
- Diazepam
- Flurazepam
Intermediate-Acting (10-20hrs)
- Alprazolam
- Lorazepam
- Temazepam
Short-Acting (3-8hrs)
- Oxazepam
- Triazolam
2
Q
What benzodiazepines are only conjugated?
A
- Oxazepam
- Lorazepam
- Temazepam
3
Q
Benzodiazepine used to treat muscle disorders?
A
- Diazepam
4
Q
Benzodiazepine used to treat seizures?
A
- Clonazepam: some types of epileptic seizures
- Midazolam, Lorazepam, Diazepam: status epilepticus
5
Q
Benzodiazepines used for ethanol withdrawal?
A
- Diazepam
- Oxazepam
6
Q
Benzodiazepines used for sleep disorders?
A
- Flurazepam: long acting
- Temazepam: intermediate acting
- Triazolam: short acting
7
Q
Benzodiazepine antagonist and AE?
A
- Flumazenil
AE: may precipitate withdrawal and may cause seizures in benzodiazepine used to control seizures
8
Q
What are the barbituates and what are they used for?
A
- Thiopental: IV induction of anesthsia
- Phenobarbital: long term management of tonic-clonic seizures, status epilepticus, eclampsia (duration 1 day)
- Pentobarbital, Secobarbital, Amobarbital: short acting 3-8hrs
9
Q
What are the Non-Benzodiazepine Benzodiazepine Receptors Agonists (NBBRAs) and uses?
A
- Zolpidem: difficulty with sleep initiation, half life 1.5-3.5hrs
- Zaleplon: half life 1hr less side effects than Zolpidem
- Eszopiclone: improves sleep maintenance; half life 6 hrs
10
Q
What is the 5-HT1A partial agonist and use?
A
- Buspirone: only anxiolytic so indicated for management of anxiety disorder with onset 2-3wks;
11
Q
Melatonin Receptors Agonsists and use?
A
- Ramelteon: tx of insomnia with difficulty of sleep onset
12
Q
What are the other classes of drugs?
A
- Hydroxyzine: anxiety
- Propanolol: performance anxiety also Clonidine
- Diphenhydramine and Doxylamine: mild insomnia
