CW2: Scotland and England Flashcards
How did Charles formalise an agreement with the Scots?
Give 2 points
He rejected the 4 Bills, an amalgamation of NPs and ‘Heads’ arranging a secret engagement with Engagers, faction of the Covenanters who were frustrated with plmt for not enacting religious change
Dec 1647 - Engagement agreed to 3 years of Pres in exchange for Scot aid
How did the Engagement make CWII inevitable?
Give 2 points
Damaged Charles’ reputation - untrustworthy as he had fled and also aimed to invade England with foreign troops
Jan 1648 - plmt hardened at passed Vote of No Addresses which ended negotiation with Charles
How religiously devoted was the NMA?
Apr 1648 - NMA gathered at Windsor to pray before battle - Major General Harrison declared Charles a ‘man of blood’ - key event in radicalisation towards regicide
Core of officers were devout, chaplains were appointed to each regiment, soldiers themselves preached
What threat did the royalist uprisings cause NMA?
Mar-July 1648 rising in South Wales, Apr-Aug rising in East Anglia, May-Dec rising in Kent
Threatened to stretch out the forces of the NMA but were uncoordinated, so the army split and deal with them successfully
How did the NMA deal with the Scottish threat?
July 1648 - large force of Scottish troops entered England, joining with 4,000 northern royalists
Aug - Cromwell and Lambert defeated them at Preston though they were actually outnumbered
What did the victory of CWII suggest to the NMA?
Leaders were even more convinced God’s providence was with them
Rank and file saw settlement as impossible and leniency was reduced - Colchester uprising ended in 1648 Aug, where royalist leaders were tried and executed
By contrast, plmt believed another war marked the importance of a settlement to restore order
