Lecture 5: Ethnicity and Race

Question 1

Human Biological Diversity

Answer 1

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Question 2

ethnic group

Answer 2

•members share certain beliefs, values, habits, customs, norms because of their common background

Question 3

ethnicity

Answer 3

•based on similarities and differences in a society or nation; it is inclusive and exclusive

Question 4

race

Answer 4

•when an ethnic group is assumed to have a biological basis

Question 5

racism

Answer 5

•discrimination against a race

Question 6

prejudice

Answer 6

•devaluing a group based on its assumed behavior, values, capabilities or attributes

Question 7

stereotypes

Answer 7

•fixed ideas about what the members of a group are like

Question 8

discrimination

Answer 8

•refers to policies and practices that harm a group and its members

Question 9

Thomas Theorem

Answer 9

•W.I. Thomas: “If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences”

Question 10

Race and Ethnicity as social constructs

Answer 10

•prejudices, stereotypes, discriminations, conflict violence, genocide, etc.

Question 11

genocide

Answer 11

•deliberate elimination of a group

Ex: Nazi Germany

Question 12

ethnocide

Answer 12

•force certain group to adopt the dominant culture (forced assimilation)
Ex: settler colonialism–> Native Americans

Question 13

cultural colonialism

Answer 13

•internal domination by one group and its culture or ideology over others

Question 14

assimilation vs acculturation (&metaphors)

Answer 14

• internal domination by one group and its culture or ideology over others “melting pot”
• more diversity and maintaining distinction while joining together–> Tossed Salad

Question 15

minority vs majority groups

Answer 15

• subordinate ethnic groups

* superior, more dominant ethnic group

Question 16

social stratification

Answer 16

•sharp social divisions based on unequal power/status

ex: Apartheid South Africa

Question 17

hypodescent

Answer 17

•rule that automatically places the children of a union or mating between members if different socioeconomic groups in less privileged

Question 18

Burakumin in Japan

Answer 18

•did unclean jobs and were looked down upon, as well as anyone in their lineage

Question 19

Race in Brazil

Answer 19

•has many different classifications such as hair color, eye color, facial features, etc.
Not fixed as in US; fluid and contextual

Question 20

Benedict Anderson

Answer 20

•According to Anderson’s theory of imagined communities, the main causes of nationalism are the declining importance of privileged access to particular script languages

Question 21

Nation-States as Imagined Communities

Answer 21

1. Capitalism (system of production and productive
   relations)
2. Print Technology (newspapers)
3. The fatality of linguistic diversity

Question 22

characteristics of a Nation-State

Answer 22

•Imagined: Don’t see most members
Limited: Not everyone can be in it
Sovereign: Free/Independent
Community: alike b/c its a nation

Question 23

plural society

Answer 23

•groups maintain ecological/economic specializations so that competition and antagonism between them is minimized

Question 24

multiculturalism

Answer 24

•cultural diversity is encouraged such as in Canada or USA

Question 25

Race: The Power of Illusion

Answer 25

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