Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anthropology 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is anthropology?

A

The study of human beings

Anthropos - man / logos - study of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 goals of anthropology?

A

1 - To understand the biological evolution of the human species

2 - To understand present-day human biological diversity

3 - To study the cultural past of human societies

4 - To understand the cultural similarities and differences among present day human groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 4 fields of anthropology?

A

1 - Cultural Anthropology

The study of living, present day human cultures and societies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 things physical anthropologists do

A

study living ppl, primates, past ppl & their societies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is physical anthropology?

A

study of human biological evolution & human biocultural variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is field work

A

long term explanation of a culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is ethnography

A

description of a cultural group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

notes say that ethnography is ~~~

A

comparative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is anthropology

A

study of past cultures through the material remains ( artifacts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is linguistic anthropology

A

concerned with the study of the origins and dynamics of human language (written or spoken symbols) with the comparison of a different languages with the relationship between language and thought and with the social and political aspects of languages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is physical or biological anthropology?

A

study of homosapiens being biological beings both in present and past. biological anthropology is also concerned with study of non human primates man’s nearest animal relatives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is paleo anthropology

A

study of human evolution from the anyalsis of fossils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is primatology

A

sutdy of non human primates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is forensic anthropology

A

application of knowledge of human anatomy and in particular asteology and on skeletal id

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

6 steps to humanness are?

A

bipedalism

nonhoning chewing

complex material culture and tool use

hunting

specch

dependence on domesticated foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do u do for science

A

seek predictable explanation for phenomena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

5 steps to science observation?

A

empirical observation

id of variables

hypothesis formulation

hypothesis testing

development of generalizations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is t heory

A

statement based on confirmed hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nicolas copernicus showed…

A

earth is not center of universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

carolus lunnaeus created…

A

system of classification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

carolus system of classifcation is important for what 3 reasons

A

imposed order upon natures infinte variation

provided means of seeing possible changes and ancestral relationships

included humans as one of the categories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is taxonomy

A

classification of living organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how old earth is

A

6k

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the most influential and far reaching of the early views was the idea of human superiority or…

A

anthropocentricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Another early belief was that once a type of organism was created its descendants would remain….

A

IMMUTABLE!!

26
Q

1636 archbishop james calculated through the generations described in the bible that the earths creation took place in….

A

4004 bc

27
Q

what is uniformitariansim

A

theory that occurred in geologic past are still @ work today

28
Q

what is endemic

A

refers to a characteristic or feature that is natural to a given population or environment

29
Q

what is adaptive radiation

A

diversification of an ancestral group of organisms into new forms that are adapted to specific niches

30
Q

what are fossils

A

physical remains of part or all of once living organisms mostly bones and teeth that have become mineralized by the replacement of organic with inorganic materials

31
Q

what is species

A

a group of related organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile viable offspring

32
Q

what is habitat

A

the specific area of the natural environment in which an organism lives

33
Q

what is natural selection

A

process by which some organisms with features that enable them to adapt to the environment preferentially survive and reproduce thereby increasing the frequency of those features in population

34
Q

a physical anthropologist would be most likely to study …

A

evolution of humans or other primates

35
Q

franz boas helped establish that human societies…

A

are influenced both by biology and by culture

36
Q

what is influenced both by genes and by environmental factors

A

biological make up

37
Q

what is not unique to humans

A

large honing canine teeth specialized for shredding food

38
Q

in scientific method, a theory is supported by

A

rigorous testing of hypothesis

39
Q

franz boas helped establish that human societies

A

are influenced both by biology and culture

40
Q

which idea did not help darwin form his theory of evolution?

A

earth is very old and its past organisms are preserved as fossils

41
Q

which observation supports the principle of natural selection

A

whole populations are routinely wiped out by catastrophes

42
Q

how would lamarckism explain why the giraffe has a long neck

A

a giraffes neck grows as it stretches to reach food and the trait is passed on to offspring

43
Q

today we know that ____ pass on traits

A

genes

44
Q

the evolutionary synthesis combines natural selection with…

A

genetics

45
Q

what is genetic drift

A

random change in allele frequency from one generation to the next with greater effect in small populations

46
Q

what is pop genetics

A

specialty within the field of genetics it focuses on the changes in gene frequencies and the effects of thoe changes on adaptation and evolution

47
Q

what is mutation

A

a random change in a gene or chromosome creating a new trait that may be advantageous deleterious or neutral in its effects on the organism

48
Q

what is gene flow

A

admixture of the exchange of alleles between two populations

49
Q

lamarcke =

A

acquired charatceristics

50
Q

what is gemmules

A

units of inherticance accumulated in the gametes so they could be passed on to offspring

51
Q

what is blending inheritance

A

outdated disreputed theory that the phenotype of an offspring was a uniform blend of the parents phenotypes

52
Q

what is allele

A

one or more alternative forms of a gene

53
Q

what is dominant

A

alelle that is expressed in an organisms phenotype and that simultaneously masks the effects of another allele if another is present

54
Q

recessive

A

expressed in phenotype if 2 copies are present but is masked if the dominant allele is present

55
Q

what is mendelian inheritance

A

basic principles associated with the transmission of genetic material forming the basis of genetics including the law of segregatiion and law of independent assortment

56
Q

what is evolutionary synthesis

A

unified theory of evolution that combines genetics with natural selection

57
Q

what r chromosomes

A

strand of dna found in the nucleus of ekaryotes that contains hundreds or thousands of genes

58
Q

what is genetype

A

genetic make up of organism combination of alleles for a given gene

59
Q

what is phenotype

A

physical expression of the genotype it may be influenced by the environment

60
Q

what is dna

A

double styranded molecule that provides the genetic code for an organism consisting of phosphate deoxyribose sugar and 4 types of nitrogen bases

Anthropology 1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions