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Computer Security > 9. Network security: application layer and DNS > Flashcards

9. Network security: application layer and DNS Flashcards

1
Q

What does DNS stand for?

A

Domain name system

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2
Q

What does HTTP stand for?

A

Hypertext transfer protocol

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3
Q

What are the internet email protocols (3)?

A

IMAP, POP, SMTP

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4
Q

What does FTP stand for?

A

File transfer protocol

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5
Q

What is telnet?

A

Early remote access protocol

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6
Q

What is SSH?

A

Secure remote access protocol

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7
Q

What is TLS used for?

A

Secure encrypted browsing (HTTPS)

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8
Q

What does URL stand for?

A

Uniform resource locators

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9
Q

What are URLs?

A

Standardised format for describing the location and access method of resources via the internet

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10
Q

What is the structure of a url?

A

scheme://user:password@host:port/url-path?query-string

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11
Q

What is the structure of the host (URL’s)?

A

subdomain.domain.top-domain

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12
Q

What is DNS used for most often?

A

Maps domain names to IP addresses (many to many)

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13
Q

What is an A record?

A

Address record (IP address)

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14
Q

What is an MX record?

A

Mail server for domain

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15
Q

What is an NS record?

A

Name server, authoritative server for domain

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16
Q

What is a resolver?

A

Program that retrieves DNS records and caches them

17
Q

What is iterative resolution?

A

Name sever refers client to author active server (repeat) com -> Facebook-> mobile

18
Q

What is recursive resolution?

A

Name sever quires another server (recurse) and forwards final answer

19
Q

How does DNS Cache Poisoning work?

A
  1. Attacker sends a DNS request
  2. Before local DNS gets responce attacker floods server with fake responces
  3. Local DNS caches malicous responce
  4. Future requests will return malicous responce from cache
20
Q

What is a glue record?

A

Address records with nameserver and IP addresses

21
Q

Why do we need glue records?

A

To resolve circular dependencies.

If the NS for www.example.org os ns1.example.org then we have a circular dependency (www and nsw are within example.com), so we use the IP of the authorative name server to complete the query.

22
Q

What is DNSSEC?

A

DNS replies signed by public-key cryptography

Computer Security (18 decks)

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