Bowel elimination; meds and interventions Flashcards
What are bulk forming laxatives?
How long do effects take?
The least irritating laxitive; Mix of high fiber and water
Takes 24-48 hours for effect
What cautions should be taken for bulk forming laxatives?
Client’s with fluid retention should not receive
How do emolient laxatives work?
Soften stool by increasing intestinal secretion of water
How do osmotic laxatives work?
- When should it be used?
Pull fluid into intestines; causes distention
Increase peristalsis
- Best for chronic constipation
How do stimulant laxatives work?
What are the cautions?
Fast acting, bowel cleanser.
Risk for fluid shifts/electrolyte imbalance
What is the purpose of an enema?
- Break up fecal matter
- Stretch intestinal walls; increase peristalsis
What are cleansing enemas?
Stimulate peristalsis to promote complete evacuation
What are these types of cleansing enemas work:
What are the cautions?
- Tap water
Tap water= Hypotonic solution that stimulates defecation
Do not repeat use: water intoxication
What are these types of cleansing enemas work:
Saline solution
Isotonic, safest solution that gives no risk for fluid retention/absorption
What are these types of cleansing enemas work:
Who shouldn’t receive these?
Hypertonic solutions
Pull water from interstitial space to promote peristalsis
Do not use on dehydrated and young
What enemas and why is soapsuds added?
Added to tap/saline enemas
Irritate intestine to increase peristalsis
What are oil retention enemas?
How long does patient hold in?
Lubricate intestines/soften feces
Patient should hold for several hours/long as possible
- What position do patients receiving enemas lie?
- How high do you hold the enema bag?
- Left lateral, sims position
- No higher than 18 inches
What PPE should be worn when giving enemas?
- Is sterile technique necessary?
Gloves.
- Not necessary
When is digital removal of stool (using fingers) used?
- What are the dangers?
Only as a last resort with HCP order.
- Can damage mucosa and slow heartrate
