2-Information System Hardware

Question 1

Hardware

Answer 1

Element basis of information systems

Question 2

Central Processing Unit

Answer 2

Is the main hardware component of a computer system. It executes instructions in computer programs.

Question 3

Bus

Answer 3

An internal component in a computer that provides the means for the computer’s other components to communicate with each other..
Example : USB, Serial ATA, PCI espress, etc

Question 4

Main storage

Answer 4

Used for short-term storage information. It’s used for several purposes such as :
• OS • Buffers • Storage of program code,

Question 5

Main storage ‘s memory

Answer 5

It’s volatile- information stored here is temporary

Question 6

Technologies used in a computer for the main storage

Answer 6

• DRAM or Dynamic RAM

* SRAM or Static Ram

Question 7

Secondary storage

Answer 7

Permanent storage. Can last for years.

Example: Hard disk drives or solid-state drives

Question 8

Firmwave

Answer 8

Firmware is special-purpose storage that is used to store the instructions needed to start a computer system.

Question 9

Input/Output

Answer 9

Means that computers use to accept or sending data from or to external destination

Question 10

Method that computer use to transfer data

Answer 10

• Input/output (I/O) devices - attached external devices

* Networking - connected to a local or wide area data network.

Question 11

Grid computer

Answer 11

describe a large number of loosely coupled computers that are used to solve a common task.

Question 12

Server clusters

Answer 12

Tigthly coupled collection of computers that is used to solve a common task. Clusters operate in two modes:

• Active-active mode - all servers perform task
• Active-passive mode - some servers are in standby state, waiting to become active in a event called a failover.

Question 13

Virtualization

Answer 13

Virtualization refers to the set of technologies that permits two or more running operating systems (of the same type, or different types) to reside on a single physical computer.

Question 14

Why use Virtualization

Answer 14

to run many applications or tools on a single physical server

Question 15

Virtualization software

Answer 15

Also, know as Hypervisor, emulates computer hardware so that an operating system running in a virtualized environment does not know that it is actually running on a virtual

Question 16

Why Virtualization software provides security

Answer 16

By isolating each running operating system and preventing it from accessing or interfering with others.

Question 17

Gateway

Answer 17

A server that performs some manner of data transformation—for instance, converting messages from one format to another—between two applications.

Question 18

Production server, and test server

Answer 18

• Production server supports actual business use

* Test Server is used to test new programs or configuration

Question 19

• Thick client

* Thin client

Answer 19

• Thick client is a user’s computer that contains a fully functional operating system and application programs.
• Thin user’s workstation that contains a minimal operating system and little or no data storage.