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Health 140 > Midterm 1 - Cardiovascular Health > Flashcards

Midterm 1 - Cardiovascular Health Flashcards

1
Q

Leading Cause of Death in the U.S.

A

Cardiovascular Disease

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2
Q

Pulmonary Circulation

A

Blood to and from the lungs

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3
Q

Systemic Circulation

A

Left side of the heart pumps blood through the rest of the body

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4
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from the heart

Thick walls

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5
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood to the heart

Thin walls

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6
Q

Capillaries

A

Tiny vessels where O2, CO2, and nutrients exchange.

One cell thick

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7
Q

Arterioles

A

Blood empties from arteries to arterioles to capillaries

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8
Q

Venules

A

Blood empties from capillaries to venule to veins

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9
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

Supply the heart with oxygenated blood

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10
Q

Order of the pathway of blood from O2 poor blood ending in O2 rich blood

A
  1. Venae Cavae
  2. Right Atraium
  3. Right Ventricle
  4. Pulmonary Artery
  5. Pulmonary Vein
  6. Left Atrium
  7. Left Ventricle
  8. Aorta
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11
Q

Systole

A

Heart contracting to push blood out to the body

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12
Q

Diastole

A

Heart relaxing to fill with blood

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13
Q

Systolic and Diastolic BP

A

Normal 120/80
120 - Systolic
80 - Diastolic

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14
Q

Blood Pressure

A

Force exerted by blood on the walls of the blood vessels

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15
Q

SA Node

A

Bundle of specialized cells in the RA

Controls heart rate

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16
Q

Cardiovascular major risk factors that can be changed

A 
Obesity
Smoking
High BP
High Cholesterol
Diabetes
17
Q

Typical blood pressure to diagnose someone with high blood pressure

A

130/80

18
Q

Tachycardia

A

100 or more beats per minute at rest

19
Q

Bradycardia

A

60 or less beats per minute at rest

20
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

A major cause of high blood pressure due to narrowing of blood vessels

21
Q

Cholesterol

A

A fatty wax-like substance that circulates through the bloodstream

22
Q

Good Cholesterol

A

High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL)

23
Q

Bad Cholesterol

A

Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL)

24
Q

How is there increased strain on the heart with obesity?

A

More tissue = more blood to pump

Chronic elevated pressure in chambers

25
Q

Diabetes

A

Elevated blood glucose levels due to low insulin availability or inadequate action of insulin
Considered an equivalent of heart disease risk factors

26
Q

What are 2 types of atherosclerosis that are found in specific parts of the body?

A

Coronary heart disease - in the heart

Peripheral artery disease - peripheral arteries

27
Q

Heart Attack

A

Myocardial infarction

Happens when there is a lack of blood to the heart and the heart muscle is damaged and may die

28
Q

Stroke

A

When blood is cut off from the brain, resulting in the death of brain cells

29
Q

Ischemic Stroke

A

Blockage in blood vessels

Most common

30
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke

A

Blood vessel ruptures in the brain

Health 140 (6 decks)

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