Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MJ- Pharm exam 2 > Dyslipidemia 1 > Flashcards

Dyslipidemia 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The density of plasma lipoproteins is determined by their relative content of which 2 things?

A
  • Protein
  • Lipid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • Carries most of the triglyceride
  • Carries 60 - 70% of total serum cholesterol
A
  • VLDL
  • LDL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • % of HDL?
  • % of VLDL?
A
  • HDL: 20 - 30%
  • VLDL: 10 - 15%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • In what organ is cholesterol made in?
  • How many steps involved in production?
  • Made from what?
A
  • Liver
  • 25
  • Acetyl CoA (breadown product of FFA)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is cholesterol synthesized by the liver during morning or night time?

A

Predominantly at night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What substance is associated w/ the rate limiting step in synthesis of cholesterol by the liver?

A

HMG-CoA reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • HMG-CoA reductase converts HMG-CoA to ____ during the rate limiting step.
  • What is controlled during this step?
A
  • mevalonate
  • Negative feedback is controlled (high levels of LDL)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • What type of drug is an HMG-CoA reductase?
  • What can happen if dosage is too high?
A

Statin. * IF we lower cholesterol too much, if can affect our sex hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why do we treat dyslipidemia?? What are the 2 major associated complications of dyslipidemia?

A
  • Acute pancreatits (due to hyperlipidemia)
  • Atherosclerosis leading to ASCVD (leading cause of death for both genders)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 5 risk factors of Dyslipidemia?

“FLASH”

A
  • F: Family hx of premature CHD of 1st degree family (Men <55 & Women <65)
  • L: Low HDL cholesterol (<40), if >60 counts as neg risk factor
  • A: Age (Men >45 & Women >55)
  • S: Cigarette Smoking
  • H: HTN leading to CKD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a major secondary cause of lipoprotein abnormalities?

A

DRUGS (Rx drugs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tx of Dyslipidemia

  • There is no RCT evidence to support what?
  • There is extensive evidence for what?
A
  • No evidence to support titrating cholesterol lowering drug therapy to achieve target LDL/non-HDL
  • Appropriate intensity of statin to reduce ASCVD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • Moderate intensity statin reduce LDL by what %?
  • High intensity statin reduce LDL by what %?
A
  • Moderate: 30 - 50%
  • High: 50% or greater
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are names of “Non-Statin Therapies” recommended by 2017 ACC?

A
  • Alirocumab and Evolocumab
  • Ezetimibe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  • Patients w/ high risk for ASCVD (risk = 7.5 or 10%) should receive Statin therapy for which type of prevention?
  • Patients w/ known ASCVD should receive Statin therapy for which type of prevention?
    *
A
  • Primary Prevention
  • Secondary Prevention
17
Q

Which 3 meds SHOULD NOT be routinely prescribed for primary or secondary prevention of ASCVD bc/ although they lower cholesterol, they don’t alter pt oriented outcomes?

A
  • Niacin
  • Fibrates
  • Omega 3 fatty acids
18
Q

What medication should be considered as an alternative for patients w/ acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who do not tolerate high intensity statin therapy?

A

Moderate Intensity Statin PLUS Ezetimibe

19
Q

In all individuals, what should you emphasize?

A

Heart-healthy lifestyle across the life course

20
Q

In patients w/ clinical ASCVD, reduce LDL cholesterol w/ what med?

A

High intensity statin

21
Q

In patients with very high risk ASCVD, use an LDL threshold of ___mg/dL to consider addition of what med to pre-existing statin therapy?

A
  • 70
  • Non-statins
22
Q
  • In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL > ____ mg/dL) WITHOUT calculating 10 yr risk, begin what med?
  • If LDL remained >100, what should you add?
  • If LDL on both of these meds is still >100, add what next?
A
  • 190
  • High intensity statin therapy
  • Ezetimibe
  • PCSK9 inhibitor
23
Q

In patients 40 - 75 yrs w/ DM and LDL > ___mg/dL, what med do you start?

A

Moderate intensity statin therapy WITHOUT calculating 10 yr risk

24
Q

In adults 40 - 75 yrs evaluated for primary ASCVD prevention, give what med?

A

None yet, first have clinician / patient risk discussion before starting statin therapy

25
Q

In adults 40 - 75 yrs without DM and LDL >___mg/dL, with a 10 yr risk >7.5%, what med do you start?

A
  • 70
  • Moderate intensity statin
26
Q

In adults 40 - 75 yrs without DM and 10 yr risk of 7.5 - 19.9%, what med?

A

Statin therapy

27
Q

In adults 40 - 75 yrs without DM and LDL levels >___mg/dL to ___mg/dL, w/ a 10 yr risk of >7.5% to 19.9%, if decision about statin therapy is uncertain, consider measuring what?

A
  • 70 to 189
  • CAC
28
Q

Assess adherence and percentage response to LDL lowering meds and lifestyle changes w/ repeat lipid measurement ___ weeks after statin initiation or dose adjustment.

A

4 to 12 weeks

29
Q

Risk <5%

A
  • “Low risk”
  • Emphasize lifestyle changes to reduce risk
30
Q

Risk 5 - <7.5%

A
  • Borderline risk
  • Discuss moderate statin
31
Q

Risk >7.5% to <20%

A
  • Intermediate risk
  • Initiate moderate statin
32
Q

Risk >20%

A
  • High risk
  • Initiate High Statin
33
Q
A

MJ- Pharm exam 2 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions