Fingerprints Flashcards

1
Q

Several ancient cultures used fingerprints as..

A

personal markings

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2
Q

IAFIS

A

Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System

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3
Q

What is IAFIS?

A

a national fingerprint and criminal history database

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4
Q

What IAFIS contains?

A

digital fingerprints, mug shots, scars, tattoos, other identification records

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5
Q

Individuals whose fingerprints are in IAFIS

A
Criminals 
Known and suspected terrorists
Military personnel 
Civilians seeking work
Anyone who needs a background check
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6
Q

Prints

A

fingers, toes, feet, palms, and lips are covered in small ridges
raised portions of skin are arranged in connected units called dermal
help us grip

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7
Q

Fingerprint

A

the impression left behind by a finger

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8
Q

The imprint of a fingerprint consists of

A

natural secretions of the sweats gland that are present in the friction ridge of skin

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9
Q

Secretions include

A

water
oils
salts
dirt

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10
Q

Formation of fingerprints

A

patterns start forming at 10 weeks gestation and are influenced by the environment surrounding the fetus
identical twins have unique fingerprint patterns

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11
Q

Ridge patterns

A

recognizable pattern of ridges found on the end pads of fingers that form lines on the surfaces of objects in a fingerprint

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12
Q

Major ridge patterns are

A

Arches
Whorls
Loops

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13
Q

Arches

A

ridge pattern originates from one side and continues to oher side

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14
Q

Whorls

A

bull’s eye

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15
Q

Loops

A

ridge pattern flows inward and returns in direction of origin

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16
Q

Loops elements

A

have a core = center of loop
can be ulnar (opens toward little finger)
delta = triangular ridge pattern

17
Q

Ridge count of a loop

A

draw an imaginary line fro center of core to middle of delta

count the number of ridges between the core and the center of data

18
Q

Minutiae

A

fine details of a fingerprint that makes it unique

19
Q

Patent fingerprints

A

visible prints left on a surface when blood, ink, or some other liquid comes in contact with the hands is transferred to that surface

20
Q

Plastic fingerprints

A

indentations left in some soft material such as clay, putty, and wax

21
Q

Latent fingerprints

A

prints not visible to the unaided eye

can be made visible by lifting and dusting with powders by using a chemical reaction

22
Q

can fingerprints be altered or disguised?

A

yes, if a trauma produces a scar that is deep enough to damage the dermis, then it will alter the fingerprints