Brain control of Movement: Motor Control I, II & III

Question 1

What are the 3 functional hierarchy or motor control ?

Answer 1

Strategy
Tactics
Execution

Question 2

What are the 2 lateral pathways within the spinal cord ?

Answer 2

Corticospinal tract and Rubrospinal tract

Question 3

What are the 4 ventromediial pathways within the spine ?

Answer 3

Tectospinal tract
Vestibular spinal tract
Pontine spinal tract and
Medullary reticulospinal tract

Question 4

Where does the corticospinal tract originate within the brain ?

Answer 4

Areas 4 and 6

Question 5

What happens to the CST at the level of the medullary pyramids ?

Answer 5

The CST decussates

Crosses over

Question 6

Where does the RST originate from ?

Answer 6

The red nucleus of the midbrain

Question 7

What do the 2 lateral spinal tracts control ?

Answer 7

Voluntary movement

Question 8

What 2 ventromedial pathways control posture and locomotion ?

Answer 8

Vestibulospinal and tectospinal tracts

Question 9

What specific control does the Vestibulospinal stract have ?

Answer 9

Stabilizes the head and the neck

Question 10

What specific control does the Tectospinal tract have ?

Answer 10

Ensures the eyes remain stable when the body moves

Question 11

The pontine and reticulospinal tracts______

Answer 11

Control the trunk and anti-gravity muscles

Question 12

Motor tracts originate _____ and travel_____

Answer 12

in the brain

downwards towards the muscles.

Question 13

The medial tracts from the brainstem control______

Answer 13

posture and balance and orientating mechanisms

Question 14

The lateral tracts from the cortex control_____

Answer 14

the precise skilled voluntary movements

Question 15

The primary motor area is what area within the brain ?

Answer 15

Area 4

Question 16

The pre-motor area lies ____ of the motor area and is area_____

Answer 16

in front of

6

Question 17

What are the 2 areas which area 6 is split into

Answer 17

Supplementary motor area (SMA)

Pre-motor area (PMA)

Question 18

Define readiness potential

Answer 18

Pre-motor potential is the measure of activity in the motor cortex & SMA of the brain leading to voluntary muscle movement

Question 19

What is babinski sign ?

Answer 19

Plantar extension (abnormal) instead of plantar flexion

Question 20

What are the major components of the basal ganglia ?

Answer 20

The corpus striatum which consists of the caudate nucleus and the putamen and the globus pallidus