Energy for biological processes Flashcards

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1
Q

What photosystems are in non-cyclic phosphorylation?

A

One and two

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2
Q

What wavelength of light does PS1 absorb?

A

700nm

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3
Q

What wavelength of light does PS11 absorb?

A

680nm

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4
Q

What are the stages of the light dependent stage?

A

Non-cyclic phosphorylation

Cyclic phosphorylation

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5
Q

What are the stages of non-cyclic phosphorylation?

A
  • Light energy excites electrons.
  • Excited electrons are released from PS11 and pass to an ETC.
  • ATP is produced by Chemiosmosis.
  • Electrons lost from PS11 are replaced by the photolysis of water.
  • Electrons are released fro PS1 and pass to another ETC.
  • ATP is again produced by chemiosmosis.
  • Electrons lost from PS1 are replaced by electrons that have just travelled along the first ETC.
  • Electrons leaving the ETC after PS1 are accepted with a H ion by NADP which becomes reduced NADP.
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6
Q

What is the centre of thylakoids called?

A

Lumen

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7
Q

What are the products of the photolysis of light?

A

H ions, electrons and oxygen

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8
Q

What happens in cyclic phosphorylation?

A

Electrons leaving the ETC after PS1 cab be returned to PS1. So ATP can be produced without electrons supplied from PS11. Reduced NADP is not produced.

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9
Q

What is the photosystem in cylic phosphorylation?

A

1

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10
Q

Where does the light dependent stage of photosynthesis occur?

A

Grana

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11
Q

Where does the light independent stage of photosynthesis occur?

A

Stroma

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12
Q

What are the products of the light-dependent reaction?

A

ATP and NADPH

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13
Q

What are the products of the light-independent stage?

A

Lipids, glucose and amino acids

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14
Q

What is needed for light dependent stage?

A

Water and light energy

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15
Q

What is needed for light independent stage?

A

CO2 and products of the light dependent stage

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16
Q

What are the steps of the Calvin cycle?

A

1) Carbon dioxide binds with RuBP (carbon is fixed/ incorporated into an organic molecule), catalysed by Rubisco.
2) RuBP breaks to form 2 GP.
3) GP is reduced to TP using a H from NADPH and energy from ATP.
4) Most TP is regenerated back to RuBP and some is the starting point for the synthesis for lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.