We love bacteria Flashcards
characteristics of prokaryotes
- Lacks nucleus and membrane bound organelles
- very diverse in their habitats and nutrition
Two domains of prokaryotes
Archae and bacteria
Classifying prokaryotes by shape: Cocci Bacillus Spirilla Spriochaete
Round
Rod shaped
short spiral
long spiral
Classifying by arrangement of cells
Staphylo
Strepto
clusters of cells (staphylococcus)
chains of cells (streptococcus)
Classifying by gram stains
- Gram Postive
- Gram Negative
- have peptidoglycan cell wall and turn purple with Gram’s stain
- have inner membrane and outer membrane with a thin cell wall in between: pink with a gram stain: usually more harmful to us because their outer membrane makes them harder for our bodies to kill
Plasmids
Circular pieces of DNA that can enhance survival
Endospores
Specialized resistant cell that is made in unfavorable conditions
Biofilm and significance
Highly organized colonies of bacteria attached to surfaces
How do prokaryotes help us
Bioremediation- The use of organisms to remove pollutants from soil, air, and water
Archae- Extreme halophiles
salt lovers
Great Salt Lake and Dead Sea
Archae- Extreme thermophiles
Heat lovers, deep ocean vents, acidic pools
some get energy by oxidizing sulfur
Methanogens
live in anaerobic environments and give off methane as a waste
(mud at the bottom of lake and swamps, landfills, digestive tract)
Domain Dude:
Proteobacteria
- gram negative
- all four modes of nutrition
- species that live symbiotic with eukaryotes
VIBRIO CHLORAE (E COLI)
Domain Dude:
Gram-positive bacteria
-very diverse
- Actinomycetes forms colonies of branched chains of cells
-soil, decomposer
STREPTOMYCETES:
(antibiotics)
strep, staph, anthrax
Domain Dude:
Chlamydias
- live inside euakaryotic host cells
- four bacteria groups
BLINDNESS AND STD
