Testicular Cancer Flashcards
What is the most common pathological type of testicular cancer?
Germ cell tumour
When is the peak incidence of testicular cancer?
3rd decade
What are the risk factors for testicular cancer?
Caucasian Testicular maldescent Infertility Atrophic testes Previous cancer in contralateral testes
What is the presentation of testicular cancer?
Painless lump
Less often:
- tender inflammed swelling
- history of trauma
What are the tumour markers for testicular cancer?
AFP
Eta HCG
LDH
What tumour marker is specific for seminomas?
Beta HCG
How is testicular cancer diagnosed?
Examination- lump in testes is treated as testicular tumour until proven otherwise
MSSU
Testicular USS and Xray
Tumour markers
(Dont do biopsy
What is the treatment for local non-invasive testicular cancer?
Surgery - orchidectomy
Followed by active surveillence
+/- adjuvant radiotherapy+/-
prophylactic chemotherapy
What si the treatment for locally invasive testicular cancer?
Surgery - orchidectomy
Combination of chemotherapy or node dissection
What is the treatment for metastatic testicular cancer?
No surgery
Treatment = chemotherapy
What staging crieteria is used for testicular cancer?
TNM
What is the prognosis for stage 1, 2/3, 4/5 testicular cancer?
1 - 5yr survival 99%
2/3 - 5 yr survival 96%
4/5 - 5 yr survival 73%
what tumours marker would indicate a non-seminomatous testicular tumour ?
AFP - specific for teratomas which are a non-seminomatous germ cell tumour
what tumour maker would indicate a seminomatous tumour?
Beta HCG - specific for seminoma testicular tumours
what are the differential diagnoses of a testicular lump?
testicular tumour hydrocele varicocele spermatocele epididymitis orchitis indirect inguinal hernia
