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GCSE Chem > Metals, acids and salts > Flashcards

Metals, acids and salts Flashcards

1
Q

Metal reaction with acid

A

Acid + metal —> salt + hydrogen

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2
Q

Some metals reactions with water

A

Metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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3
Q

Metals that react vigorously with water

A

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium

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4
Q

Metals that react with steam

A

Magnesium, zinc, iron

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5
Q

Metals that don’t react with water or steam

A

Copper

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6
Q

Oxidation

A

Gain of oxygen

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7
Q

Reduction

A

Loss of oxygen

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8
Q

Oxidation reaction

A

The substance that OXIDISES the metal and is REDUCED is the OXIDISING agent

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9
Q

Reduction reaction

A

The substance that REDUCES the metal and is OXIDISED is called the REDUCING agent.

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10
Q

Strongest acid / weak acid pH

A

0-3/3-6

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11
Q

Neutral pH water

A

7

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12
Q

Weakly alkali / strongly alkali

A

8-10 / 11-14

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13
Q

Universal indicator colours

A

Spectrum
Red in acid
Green in neutral
Purple in alkali

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14
Q

Litmus paper

A

Red in acid
Purple in neutral
Blue in alkali

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15
Q

Phenolphthalein

A

Colourless in acid

Bright pink in alkali

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16
Q

Methyl orange

A

Red in acid

Yellow in alkaline

17
Q

Acid reaction with base or alkali

A

Acids are neutralised by bases or alkalis

H+ + OH- —-> H20

By proton transfer
As acids are proton diners
And bases are proton acceptors

18
Q

Reaction of acid and base

A

Acid + base —-> salt + water

19
Q

Metal oxide and acid reaction

A

Acid + metal oxide —> salt + water

20
Q

Metal hydroxide and acid reaction

A

Acid + metal hydroxide —> salt + water

21
Q

Acid and ammonia reaction

A

Acid + ammonia —> ammonium salt

22
Q

Acid and metal carbonate reaction

A

Acid + metal carbonate —> salt + water + carbon dioxide

23
Q

Soluble salts

A

Common salts of Sodium, potassium, ammonium

Sodium, potassium and ammonium carbonates
Sodium potassium and ammonium hydroxides

(Most chlorides, sulfates)

24
Q

Insoluble salts

A

Common carbonates
Common hydroxides

Silver chloride, lead chloride,
Lead, barium and calcium sulfate

25
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4

26
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

HCL

27
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

28
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

GCSE Chem (7 decks)

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