Amines

Question 1

What is the suffix for an amine that is terminal?

Answer 1

-ylamine

Question 2

What is the suffix for an amine that is mid-chain?

Answer 2

-aminoalkane

Question 3

What can you react a haloalkane with to make an amine?

Answer 3

Ammonia

Question 4

What are the conditions for making an amine from a haloalkane and ammonia?

Answer 4

Excess ammonia

Question 5

What type of reaction mechanism occurs when you react a haloalkane with ammonia to make an amine?

Answer 5

Nucleophilic substitution

Question 6

If you’re reacting CH3Cl with NH3, why will you not necessarily produce CH3NH2 + NH4+Cl- only?

Answer 6

The CH3NH2 formed is also a nucleophile (spare electron pair on N)
May go on to react with other CH3Cls

Question 7

How can you roughly control the reaction so that the majority of products formed are tetramethylamine?

Answer 7

Use less ammonia/more haloalkane

Question 8

What is a use for tetramethylammonium chloride?

Answer 8

Fabric softener

Question 9

How is tetramethylammonium chloride formed?

Answer 9

CH3Cl with minimal excess ammonia

Tetramethylamine reacts with the Cl- ion to form the salt

Question 10

You can make an amine by reacting a haloalkane and ammonia. What is another method you could use?

Answer 10

Reduction of a nitrile by adding either hydrogen or LiAlH4 (a reducing agent)

Question 11

What are the conditions for the reduction of a nitrile?

Answer 11

Nickel catalyst

150*C

Question 12

During the reduction of a nitrile a nucleophile is generated. However, the reaction stops. Why?

Answer 12

It is not a nucleophilic reaction

Question 13

What is used to make aromatic amines?

Answer 13

Sn and conc. HCl

Question 14

What is used to reduce nitrobenzene into phenylamine?

Answer 14

Sn and conc. HCl