Social Inequality

Question 1

Neighborhood-level socioeconomic inequalities are most likely to affect physician–patient interactions through which phenomenon?

Answer 1

Physical boundaries create social boundaries and closed networks which develop their own cultures. Neighborhoods that are segregated by socioeconomic status create increased social distance to the extent that people from different backgrounds have trouble relating to each other’s experiences. The correct answer succinctly explains this by referring to closed networks and social boundaries that exist across neighborhoods.

Question 2

Which term refers to closed status positions that hinder social mobility?

Answer 2

Caste systems describe closed stratification systems that do not allow for social mobility.

Question 3

Which theory emphasizes the competition between groups over the allocation of societal resources. It assumes that power and authority are unequally distributed across a society, and that groups attempt to maintain their advantages.

Answer 3

conflict theory

Question 4

Status hierarchies facilitate the preservation of structural power while being maintained by practices of discrimination. Is consistent with which social structure theory perspective?

Answer 4

Conflict theory

Question 5

Define Demographic transition

Answer 5

The key points observe a decline in birth and death rates as longevity and population numbers grow as a country or region becomes more industrialized

Question 6

Poverty where people lack of even the basics, like food, clothe, shelter, medicine.

Answer 6

Absolute Poverty

Question 7

Poverty that compares social disadvantage by income or wealth and social advantage by income or wealth. The difference between the rich and the poor.

Answer 7

Relative Poverty

Question 8

Poverty when an individual can’t find/keep a job.

Answer 8

Marginal Poverty

Question 9

Poverty that refers to the idea that people are poor because of how society is structured rather than individual reasons (systems fault vs. individuals fault)

Answer 9

Structural Poverty

Question 10

Describe the socioeconomic gradient in health

Answer 10

The socioeconomic gradient in health refers to the graded relationship between social class and health, in which each “step” up on the hierarchy of social stratification tends to be associated with better health.